Lactato y fuerza muscular como indicadores de eficacia del entrenamiento en población con riesgo cardíaco(Lactate and muscle strength as indicators of training effectiveness in population with cardiac risk)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v59.107231Palabras clave:
Salud, Condición Física. Pronostico. Fuerza muscular. Adulto.Resumen
Introducción; La forma tradicional de medir la fuerza es a través del 1Rm es una dinámica poco eficaz en pacientes en rehabilitación cardiaca. Objetivos; El objetivo de este estudio fue valorar la fuerza a través del lactato y determinar una carga especifica que permita desarrollar la fuerza en una zona aeróbica de moderada a baja intensidad en pacientes en riesgo cardiovascular. Materiales y Métodos; A través de muestreo no probabilístico intencional, 5 participantes hombres. Edad 48.80 ± 4.49. peso 95.40 ± 5.54. estatura 1.74 ± 0.06 cm. % grasa 37.58 ± 2.68 %. masa muscular 38.62 ± 1.52. Vo2/kg 38.00 ± 2.73 min. Realizaron dos pruebas de fuerza en sentadilla media, la primera progresiva hasta el umbral anaeróbico, de la cual se obtuvo la carga media de los resultados que se utilizó en la segunda prueba, donde se realizaron 15 series de 15 repeticiones con descansos de 1 minutos entre cada serie. La toma de la muestra de lactato fue en la serie 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15. Resultados; Los resultados del análisis Anova no mostraron diferencias significativas entre los diferentes grupos en lactato F (4, 17.1) =0.524, p=0.720. Frecuencia cardiaca F (4, 16.4) =0.457, p=0.766. Los análisis post hoc la prueba de Tukey no mostraron diferencias entre las variables grupales. Frecuencia cardíaca (FC) media durante el ejercicio de fuerza de carga constante. 133.9/5.48 (Ppm). p=0.000. Concentraciones de lactato en sangre durante el ejercicio de Media 2.52/0.28. (Mmol/l). p=0.000. Carga constante 30/00 (kg) Los resultados indican que estas variables metabólicas y cardiacas se mantuvieron parcialmente estables en rangos energéticos aeróbicos. Dentro de la medición de las series 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15. Concluciones; Los valores obtenidos del test de carga constante muestran que las variables metabólicas y cardiorrespiratorias se mantienen estables en un metabolismo predominantemente aeróbico, esto podría sugerir que medir la fuerza a través del lactato es efectivo para entrenar la fuerza en pacientes con factores de riesgo cardiovascularODUCCIÓN
Palabras claves: Salud, Condición Física, Pronostico, fuerza muscular, adulto.
Abstract. Introduction: The traditional way of measuring strength through 1RM is an inefficient dynamic in patients undergoing cardiac rehabilitation. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess strength through lactate levels and determine a specific load that would allow for strength development in a moderate to low intensity aerobic zone in patients at cardiovascular risk. Materials and Methods: Through intentional non-probabilistic sampling, 5 male participants. Age 48.80 ± 4.49. weight 95.40 ± 5.54 height. 1.74 ± 0.06. % fat 37.58 ± 2.68 %. muscle mass 38.62 ± 1.52. Vo2/kg 38.00 ± 2.73. min. They performed two strength tests in the average squat, the first progressive to the anaerobic threshold, from which the average load of the results was obtained that was used in the second test, where 15 series of 15 repetitions were performed with 1 minute rests between. each series. The lactate sample was taken in series 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15. Results: The results of the ANOVA analysis showed no significant differences between the different groups in lactate F (4, 17.1) = 0.524, p = 0.720. Heart rate F (4, 16.4) = 0.457, p = 0.766. Post hoc analyses using the Tukey test showed no differences between group variables. Mean heart rate during constant load strength exercise: 133.9/5.48 (bpm), p = 0.000. Blood lactate concentrations during exercise: Mean 2.52/0.28 (mmol/l), p = 0.000. Constant load: 30/00 (kg). The results indicate that these metabolic and cardiac variables remained partially stable within aerobic energy ranges during the measurement of sets 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, and 15. Conclusions: The values obtained from the constant load test show that metabolic and cardiorespiratory variables remain stable in a predominantly aerobic metabolism. This could suggest that measuring strength through lactate is effective for strength training in patients with cardiovascular risk factors.
Keywords: Health, Physical condition, Prognosis, Muscle strength, Adult.
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