Análisis de la correlación entre consumo máximo de oxígeno la potencia de salto y parámetros fisiológicos en jugadores de baloncesto (Analysis of the correlation between maximum oxygen consumption, jumping power and physiological parameters in basketball players)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v59.107603Palabras clave:
Baloncesto, nivel físico, salud, deporte, entrenamiento.Resumen
Objetivo: Describir y analizar la correlación entre el consumo máximo de oxígeno (Vo2max), la potencia de salto y diversos parámetros fisiológicos en jugadores de baloncesto. Materiales y métodos: A través de un muestro probabilístico aleatorio simple se seleccionaron 25 participantes basquetbolistas. edad promedio 19.32±2,5 años, talla 1.79±0,08 metros, peso 72.97±12,3 kg, % grasa corporal 24.03±2,5 masa magra 41.56±2,2% Vo2max 54.32±2,5 ml/min/kg. Se sometieron a diferentes pruebas físicas para poder describir el estatus fisiológico individual, análisis del componente ventilatorio, Vo2max, test de Bosco. Perfil de fuerza; fuerza máxima (1Rm), fuerza explosiva con carga, variables de resistencia general y flexibilidad. Resultados: Los resultados revelan una correlación significativa entre el Vo2max y la potencia de salto en jugadores de baloncesto, con jugadores con un mayor Vo2max mostrando una mayor potencia de salto y mejor desempeño en pruebas de fuerza explosiva. Además, se observa una asociación positiva entre el Vo2max y la resistencia general, así como con una mejor eficiencia ventilatoria durante el ejercicio. La composición corporal también influye en el rendimiento, con jugadores con menor porcentaje de grasa corporal y mayor masa magra demostrando un mejor desempeño en las pruebas físicas. Conclusiones: Estos hallazgos subrayan la importancia de un enfoque integral en el entrenamiento, que incluya tanto el desarrollo de la capacidad cardiovascular como la mejora de la fuerza y la composición corporal, para optimizar el rendimiento de los jugadores de baloncesto.
Palabras claves: Baloncesto, nivel físico, salud, deporte, entrenamiento.
Abstract. Objective: To describe and analyze the correlation between maximal oxygen consumption (Vo2max), jump power, and various physiological parameters in basketball players. Materials and Methods: A simple random probabilistic sampling method was used to select 25 basketball players. The participants had an average age of 19.32±2.5 years, height of 1.79±0.08 meters, weight of 72.97±12.3 kg, body fat percentage of 24.03±2.5, lean mass of 41.56±2.2%, and Vo2max of 54.32±2.5 ml/min/kg. They underwent various physical tests to describe their individual physiological status, including ventilatory component analysis, Vo2max, and the Bosco test. The strength profile included maximum strength (1RM), explosive strength with load, general endurance variables, and flexibility. Results: The results reveal a significant correlation between VO2max and jump power in basketball players, with players having higher Vo2max showing greater jump power and better performance in explosive strength tests. Additionally, a positive association was observed between Vo2max and general endurance, as well as better ventilatory efficiency during exercise. Body composition also influenced performance, with players having lower body fat percentage and higher lean mass demonstrating better performance in physical tests. Conclusions: These findings underscore the importance of a comprehensive training approach, including both cardiovascular capacity development and the improvement of strength and body composition, to optimize the performance of basketball players.
Keywords: Basketball, physical level, health, sport, training.
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