La eficiencia de Ram Thai con Nueve Cuadrados de baile en el rendimiento físico y funciones cognitivas: un modelo para la escuela de personas mayores (The efficiency of Ram Thai with Nine Square dance on physical performance and cognitive functions: a model for elderly school)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v58.107128Palabras clave:
rendimiento físico, función cognitiva, deterioro cognitivo leve, personas mayoresResumen
Los declives relacionados con la edad en la aptitud física relacionada con la salud y la función cognitiva pueden mitigarse mediante un programa de ejercicio de múltiples movimientos. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la eficacia de Ram Thai con nueve bailes cuadrados en el rendimiento físico y las funciones cognitivas en personas mayores. Los participantes fueron asignados al azar en un grupo experimental o de control. La evaluación cognitiva básica de Montreal (MoCA-B, versión tailandesa) se eligió de voluntarios seleccionados y se asignaron al azar en 2 grupos; Ram Thai con nueve bailes cuadrados (RTND:33) y ejercicio de caminata rápida (BWE:34) con una edad de 65.3±2.4 años, un índice de masa corporal (BMI) de 25.5±11.9 kg/m2. Los parámetros de rendimiento físico evaluados fueron los siguientes: prueba de rasguño de espalda (BST), prueba de estiramiento de silla (CSRT), prueba de levantamiento de silla (CST), prueba de curl de brazo de 30 segundos (ACT), prueba de caminata de 6 minutos (6-WT) y prueba de levantarse y andar cronometrado (TUG) se realizaron respectivamente. Nuestros resultados mostraron que los aspectos fisiológicos revelaron una reducción en el porcentaje de grasa corporal, mientras que se observó un aumento significativo en las puntuaciones de la prueba VO2max en ambos grupos (p≤.05). Además, hubo una mejora en la fuerza de las extremidades inferiores, como lo demuestran aumentos estadísticamente significativos en las puntuaciones para CST, 6-WT y TUG en comparación con los valores previos a la prueba (p≤.05). En cuanto al rendimiento de BST, el grupo RTND mostró resultados significativamente mejores en comparación con el grupo BWE (p≤.001). Además, descubrimos que los resultados significativamente superiores indican una mayor variabilidad en las puntuaciones de MoCA-B (24.11≈26.37) entre los participantes mayores en el grupo RTND (p≤.001). Los datos indican que RTND mejora eficazmente los aspectos fisiológicos, el control del rendimiento físico y la función cognitiva general en personas mayores con deterioro cognitivo leve (MCI).
Palabras clave: rendimiento físico, función cognitiva, deterioro cognitivo leve, personas mayores
Abstract. Age-related declines in health-related physical fitness and cognitive function can be mitigated by a multi-movement exercise program. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the efficiency of Ram Thai with nine square dances on physical performance and cognitive functions in the elderly. Participants were randomly assigned
into an experimental or control group. The Montreal cognitive assessment-basic (MoCA-B, Thai version) were chosen from screened volunteers and randomly assigned into 2 groups; Ram Thai with nine square dances (RTND:33) and brisk walking exercise (BWE:34) aged 65.3±2.4 years old, body mass index (BMI) 25.5±11.9 kg/m2. The physical performance parameters assessed were as follows: Back-scratch test (BST), Chair sit and reach test (CSRT), Chair stand test (CST), 30-second arm curl test (ACT), 6-minute walk test (6-WT) and timed up and go test (TUG) were conducted respectively. Our results showed the physiological revealed a reduction in body fat percentage, while significant increase in VO2max test scores observed in both groups (p≤.05). Additionally, there was an improved lower limb strength, as evidenced by statistically significant increases in scores for the CST, 6-WT, and TUG compared to pretest values (p≤.05). In terms of BST performance, the RTND group showed significantly better results compared to the BWE group (p≤.001). Moreover, we discovered that significantly superior results indicate increased variability in MoCA-B scores (24.11≈26.37) among elderly participants in the RTND group (p≤.001). The data indicates that RTND effectively enhances physiological aspects, physical performance control, and overall cognitive function in elderly individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).
Keywords: physical performance, cognitive function, mild cognitive impairment, elderly
Abstract. Age-related declines in health-related physical fitness and cognitive function can be mitigated by a multi-movement exercise program. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the efficiency of Ram Thai with nine square dances on physical performance and cognitive functions in the elderly. Participants were randomly assigned
into an experimental or control group. The Montreal cognitive assessment-basic (MoCA-B, Thai version) were chosen from screened volunteers and randomly assigned into 2 groups; Ram Thai with nine square dances (RTND:33) and brisk walking exercise (BWE:34) aged 65.3±2.4 years old, body mass index (BMI) 25.5±11.9 kg/m2. The physical performance parameters assessed were as follows: Back-scratch test (BST), Chair sit and reach test (CSRT), Chair stand test (CST), 30-second arm curl test (ACT), 6-minute walk test (6-WT) and timed up and go test (TUG) were conducted respectively. Our results showed the physiological revealed a reduction in body fat percentage, while significant increase in VO2max test scores observed in both groups (p≤.05). Additionally, there was an improved lower limb strength, as evidenced by statistically significant increases in scores for the CST, 6-WT, and TUG compared to pretest values (p≤.05). In terms of BST performance, the RTND group showed significantly better results compared to the BWE group (p≤.001). Moreover, we discovered that significantly superior results indicate increased variability in MoCA-B scores (24.11≈26.37) among elderly participants in the RTND group (p≤.001). The data indicates that RTND effectively enhances physiological aspects, physical performance control, and overall cognitive function in elderly individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).
Keywords: physical performance, cognitive function, mild cognitive impairment, elderly
Citas
Ahn, J., & Kim, M. (2023). Effects of exercise therapy on global cognitive function and, depression in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Archives of gerontology and geriatrics, 106, 104855 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2022.104855
Aloko, E. A., Seibu, M., Apaak, D., Sarpong, E. O., Sorkpor, S. R., & Ansah, E. W. (2023). Body Weight and Cardio-respiratory Fitness: Predictors of Physical Function Capacity among Older Adults. medRxiv, 2023-06. https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.06.05.23291006
Bailey, C. A., Graham, R. B., & Nantel, J. (2023). Joint behaviour during arm swing changes with gait speed and pre-dicts spatiotemporal variability and dynamic stability in healthy young adults. Gait & Posture, 103, 50-56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2023.04.016
Brandao-Loureiro, V., castillo-Viera, E., Cachola, A., Rosa, T., & Loureiro, N. (2024). Quality of life, falls and func-tional mobility of Portuguese older adults, during the COVID pandemic 19. Retos, (52), 491–498. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v52.95705
Braun Janzen, T., Koshimori, Y., Richard, N. M., & Thaut, M. H. (2022). Rhythm and music-based interventions in motor rehabilita-tion: current evidence and future perspectives. Frontiers in human neuroscience, 15, 789467. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2021.789467
Chalapud Narváez, L. M., & Molano Toba, N. J. (2023). Proprioceptive exercise program for the prevention of falls in the elderly. Retos, (48), 413-419. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v48.96315
Davenport, M. H., Hogan, D. B., Eskes, G. A., Longman, R. S., & Poulin, M. J. (2012). Cerebrovascular reserve: the link between fitness and cognitive function?. Exercise and sport sciences reviews, 40(3), 153-158. doi: 10.1097/JES.0b013e3182553430
Demnitz, N., Hogan, D. B., Dawes, H., Johansen-Berg, H., Ebmeier, K. P., Poulin, M. J., & Sexton, C. E. (2018). Cognition and mobility show a global association in middle-and late-adulthood: Analyses from the Canadian Longitu-dinal Study on Aging. Gait & posture, 64, 238-243. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2018.06.116
Palmieri, E. A., Palmieri, V., Innelli, P., Arezzi, E., Ferrara, L. A., Celentano, A., & Fazio, S. (2005). Aerobic exercise performance correlates with post-ischemic flow-mediated dilation of the brachial artery in young healthy men. European journal of applied physiology, 94, 113-117. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-004-1285-0
Falck, R. S., Wilcox, S., Best, J. R., Chandler, J. L., & Liu-Ambrose, T. (2017). The association between physical per-formance and executive function in a sample of rural older adults from South Carolina, USA. Experimental Aging Re-search, 43(2), 192-205. https://doi.org/10.1080/0361073X.2017.1276379
Ferragut, C., Vila Suárez, M. E., Lima, M., Rodrigues, L. P., Bezerra, P., & Cancela Carral, J. M. (2023). Age-dependent changes in physical performance in community dwelling elderly women. A cross-sectional study. Retos, (48), 527-531. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v48.97070
Flores Tena, M. J., Deocano-Ruiz, Y., LLamas-Salguero, F. & Jiménez Morales, J. (2024). Active aging with leisure and free time activities for a better quality of life. Retos, (51), 1496–1501. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v51.99972
Fuster, J. M. (2002). Frontal lobe and cognitive development. Journal of neurocytology, 31(3), 373-385. https://doi: 10.1023/a:1024190429920.
Guerrero-González, C., Cueto-Ureña, C., Cantón-Habas, V., Ramírez-Expósito, M. J., & Martínez-Martos, J. M. (2024). Healthy Aging in Menopause: Prevention of Cognitive Decline, Depression and Dementia through Physical Exercise. Physiologia, 4(1), 115-138.
Hamacher, D., Hamacher, D., Rehfeld, K., Hökelmann, A., & Schega, L. (2015). The effect of a six-month dancing program on motor-cognitive dual-task performance in older adults. Journal of aging and physical activity, 23(4), 647-652.
He, W., Goodkind, D., & Kowal, P.R. (2016). Census Bureau, International Population Reports, P95/16-1, An aging world: 2015. U.S. Government Publishing Office, Washington, DC.
Julayanont, P., Tangwongchai, S., Hemrungrojn, S., Tunvirachaisakul, C., Phanthumchinda, K., Hongsawat, J., ... & Nasreddine, Z. S. (2015). The montreal cognitive assessment—basic: A screening tool for mild cognitive impairment in illiterate and low‐educated elderly adults. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 63(12), 2550-2554. https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.13820.
Krabuanrat, C. (2007). The 9-square exercise and brain development. Bangkok: Grand Sport Group.
Li, Y. Y., Hsueh, M. C., Park, J. H., Lai, T. F., Hung, Y. C., & Liao, Y. (2023). The association between a minimum amount of physical activity and subsequent muscle strength and balance in older adults: a prospective study. Behavioral Sciences, 13(4), 316. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13040316
Lima, A. B. de, Marques, A., Peralta, M., Henriques-Neto, D., Bordado, J., Faber, M., Silva, R., & Rúbio, Élvio. (2021). Functional fitness in older people: A population-based cross-sectional study in Borba, Amazonas, Brazil (Apti-tud funcional en personas mayores: Un estudio transversal de base poblacional en de Borba, Amazonas, Brasil). Retos, (39), 731–736. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i39.78549
Mahindru, A., Patil, P., & Agrawal, V. (2023). Role of physical activity on mental health and well-being: a review. Cure-us, 15(1): e33475. https://doi:10.7759/cureus.33475
Matos-Duarte, M., Martínez de Haro, V., Sanz Arribas, I., & Berlanga, L. A. (2022). Lifestyle as a determinant of flexi-bility in the elderly. Retos, (43), 283–289. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v43i0.88752
Morales Paredes, A. N., Rivarola Monzon, D. G., Romero Mansilla, M., Cartagena Ochavano, R. E., Meneses Espejo, Y., & Prado Boza, A. A. (2024). Physical activity at home to improve strength and balance in the elderly to prevent the risk of falls. Bibliographic Review. Retos, (53), 305–315. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v53.99567
Noopud, P., Suputtitada, A., Khongprasert, S., & Kanungsukkasem, V. (2019). Effects of Thai traditional dance on bal-ance performance in daily life among older women. Aging clinical and experimental research, 31, 961-967. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-018-1040-8
Nunes Nora de Souza, L., Torres Vilarino, G., & Andrade, A. (2024). What do we know about the effects of physical exercise on dementia, without alzheimer’s? systematic re-view of international clinical trials. Retos, (51),1001–1013. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v51.100309
Office of the National Economic and Social Development Council (NESDC). (2019). Report on population projections of Thailand 2010-2040. Bangkok: Office of the National Economic and Social Development Council.
Phillips, E. M., Schneider, J. C., & Mercer, G. R. (2004). Motivating elders to initiate and maintain exercise. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation, 85, 52-57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2004.03.012
Rikli, R. E., & Jones, C. J. (2013). Senior fitness test manual. Human kinetics. https://doi.org/10.1123/japa.7.2.129
Rosenberg, A., Ngandu, T., Rusanen, M., Antikainen, R., Bäckman, L., Havulinna, S., ... & Kivipelto, M. (2018). Mul-tidomain lifestyle intervention benefits a large elderly population at risk for cognitive decline and dementia regardless of baseline characteristics: The FINGER trial. Alzheimer's & Dementia, 14(3), 263-270. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2017.09.006.
Santamaría-Ulloa, C., Chinnock, A., & Montero-López, M. (2022). Association between obesity and mortality in the Costa Rican elderly: a cohort study. BMC public health, 22(1), 1007. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-13381-9
Shigematsu, R., Okura, T., Nakagaichi, M., Tanaka, K., Sakai, T., Kitazumi, S., & Rantanen, T. (2008). Square-stepping exercise and fall risk factors in older adults: a single-blind, randomized controlled trial. The Journals of Gerontology Se-ries A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 63(1), 76-82. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/63.1.76
Stathokostas, L., McDonald, M. W., Little, R., & Paterson, D. H. (2013). Flexibility of older adults aged 55–86 years and the influence of physical activity. Journal of aging research, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/743843
Teixeira, C. V. L., Gobbi, S., Pereira, J. R., Ueno, D. T., Shigematsu, R., & Gobbi, L. T. B. (2013). Effect of square‐stepping exercise and basic exercises on functional fitness of older adults. Geriatrics & gerontology international, 13(4), 842-848. https://doi.org/10.1111/ggi.12011.
Thaqi, A., Berisha, M., & Shaqiri, K. (2023). The motor competency level of elderly people measured by Functional Movement Screen protocol. Pedagogy of Physical Culture and Sports, 27(4), 267-273. https://doi.org/10.15561/26649837.2023.0401
Tolea, M. I., & Galvin, J. E. (2016). The relationship between mobility dysfunction staging and global cognitive perfor-mance. Alzheimer Disease & Associated Disorders, 30(3), 230-236. https://doi:10.1097/WAD.0000000000000136.
Suryadi, D., Susanto, N., Faridah, E., Wahidi, R., Samodra, Y. T. J., Nasrulloh, A., & Dewantara, J. (2024). Exercise for health in old age: Comprehensive review examining the benefits and efficacy of interventions. Retos: nuevas tenden-cias en educación física, deporte y recreación, (55), 88-98. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v55.103771
Van der Lubbe, R. H., De Kleine, E., Schreurs, K. M., & Bohlmeijer, E. T. (2018). Does mindfulness training modulate the influence of spatial attention on the processing of intracutaneous electrical stimuli?. Plos one, 13(8), e0201689. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0201689
Yamasaki, T. (2022). Benefits of table tennis for brain health maintenance and prevention of demen-tia. Encyclopedia, 2(3),1577-1589. https://doi.org/10.3390/encyclopedia2030107
Descargas
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2024 Retos
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.
Los autores que publican en esta revista están de acuerdo con los siguientes términos:
- Los autores conservan los derechos de autor y garantizan a la revista el derecho de ser la primera publicación de su obra, el cuál estará simultáneamente sujeto a la licencia de reconocimiento de Creative Commons que permite a terceros compartir la obra siempre que se indique su autor y su primera publicación esta revista.
- Los autores pueden establecer por separado acuerdos adicionales para la distribución no exclusiva de la versión de la obra publicada en la revista (por ejemplo, situarlo en un repositorio institucional o publicarlo en un libro), con un reconocimiento de su publicación inicial en esta revista.
- Se permite y se anima a los autores a difundir sus trabajos electrónicamente (por ejemplo, en repositorios institucionales o en su propio sitio web) antes y durante el proceso de envío, ya que puede dar lugar a intercambios productivos, así como a una citación más temprana y mayor de los trabajos publicados (Véase The Effect of Open Access) (en inglés).
Esta revista sigue la "open access policy" de BOAI (1), apoyando los derechos de los usuarios a "leer, descargar, copiar, distribuir, imprimir, buscar o enlazar los textos completos de los artículos".
(1) http://legacy.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/boaifaq.htm#openaccess