La inmersión en agua fría como método de recuperación eficaz: su impacto en la frecuencia cardíaca y los niveles de lactato después del ejercicio (Cold water immersion as an effective recovery method: its impact on heart rate and lactate levels post exercise)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v61.108794Palabras clave:
Estrategia de recuperación, Inmersión en agua fría, LactatoResumen
El objetivo de la investigación. El propósito de esta investigación es examinar el impacto de la técnica de recuperación a través de inmersión en agua fría (CWI) con variaciones en temperaturas y duración de la aplicación. Sección de Material y Métodos. En la investigación, estuvieron involucrados treinta y dos estudiantes que también son atletas. Los participantes fueron divididos en cuatro grupos y sometidos a un entrenamiento físico agudo con una intensidad del 95%. Posteriormente, se les aplicaron tratamientos de recuperación, tales como inmersión en agua fría (CWI) durante y después del ejercicio físico, inmersión en agua fría con una temperatura de 15 grados Celsius (CWI DP 15) y inmersión en agua fría con una temperatura de 15 grados Celsius después de la práctica. El grupo de estudio se dividió en tres subgrupos: el grupo de inmersión en agua fría (CWI P 15), el grupo de inmersión en agua caliente con temperatura de 100 grados Celsius después de la práctica física (CWI P 10) y el grupo de descanso estático (SR). En el análisis de datos, se emplea un enfoque descriptivo, la prueba t de muestras pareadas y el análisis de varianza (ANOVA) bidireccional para examinar diferentes aspectos de los datos. Todos los datos presentaban una distribución normal (p ≥ 0,05) y homogeneidad (p ≤ 0,05). Los resultados del estudio de la frecuencia cardíaca indicaron que no existe una disparidad significativa entre el grupo CWI DP, CWI P 15 y CWI P 10 en comparación con la etapa de ejercicio del grupo de control actual. Existe una diferencia en la concentración de lactato entre el grupo CWI DP 15 y un grupo control en la fase Inmediatamente. Por otro lado, el lactato también muestra variaciones significativas en ambos grupos. Tras el ejercicio, se observó un valor de p de 0.021. Se encontró una diferencia significativa en la concentración de lactato entre los grupos CWI DP15, CWI P15 y CWI P 10 en comparación con el grupo de control, con un valor de p de 0.001 a los 10 minutos post-ejercicio. Por otro lado, a los 120 minutos post-ejercicio se identificó una diferencia en la concentración de lactato entre el grupo CWI P 15 y el grupo de control. En la fase de 24 horas posterior al ejercicio, se observa una diferencia en la concentración de lactato entre el grupo tratado con inmersión en agua fría (CWI DP 15) y el grupo de control, con valores de p de 0,001 y 0,0024 respectivamente. La inmersión en agua fría (CWI) ha demostrado acelerar de manera significativa la recuperación de la frecuencia cardíaca (HRR), disminuir los niveles de lactato en sangre y mejorar el rendimiento de los atletas. Estos resultados sugieren que la CWI puede ser beneficiosa en los protocolos de recuperación. La inmersión en agua fría es una estrategia de recuperación que puede ayudar a reducir los niveles de lactato en el cuerpo.
Palabras clave: Estrategia de recuperación, Inmersión en agua fría, Lactato
Abstract. The study’s purpose. This study aims to analyze the effect of the recovery method using cold water immersion (CWI) with different temperatures and administration times. Material and Methods. Thirty-two student-athletes participated in this study. They were divided into four groups, carried out acute physical training with an intensity of 95%, and were given recovery treatments such as CWI during and after physical exercise CWI with temperature 150 Celsius (CWI DP 15), CWI with temperature 150 Celsius after practice physical (CWI P 15), CWI with temperature 100 Celsius after practice physical (CWI P 10), and the Static Rest (SR) group. Analysis descriptive, paired samples t-test, and two-way ANOVA direction used in data analysis. This is that all data were normally distributed (p ≥ 0.05) and homogeneous (p ≤ 0.05). The results of the heart rate analysis found that no There is a significant difference between group CWI DP, CWI P 15, and CWI P 10 with the current control group Exercise phase. Meanwhile lactate, there is a difference in concentration of lactate in the CWI DP 15 group against a control group in phase Immediately Post-exercise with a p-value of 0.021; the 10min post-exercise phase is difference significant concentration lactate groups CWI DP15, CWI P15, and CWI P 10 against control group with p- value 0.001, in the 120min post-exercise phase there is difference lactate group CWI P 15 against control group with The p-value is 0.001, in the 24 hours post-exercise phase there is difference concentration lactate CWI DP 15 group against control with p-value 0.0024. Cold Water Immersion (CWI) has been shown to significantly accelerate heart rate recovery (HRR), reduce blood lactate levels, and improve athlete performance, indicating that it may be beneficial in recovery protocols.
Keywords: Recovery Strategy, Cold Water Immersion, Lactate
Citas
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