El impacto de la utilización de estimulación audiovisual y táctil en la doble tarea en la enfermedad de Parkinson: una revisión sistemática (The impact of auditory, visual and touch cueing on doble task performance in Parkinson's Disease – a systematic review)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v59.101266Palabras clave:
Parkinson’s Disease, dual task, cueing, rhythmic auditory cues, visual feedback, visual cues.Resumen
Objetivo: Analizar la evidencia científica sobre la influencia del uso de diferentes recursos (auditivao, visuales, táctiles), durante el desarrollo de una doble tareas, en la Enfermedad de Parkinson. Metodología: La búsqueda primaria se realizó en las bases de datos PubMed, Scopus y Science Direct. Para la inclusión de estudios, se definieron los siguientes criterios de elegibilidad: (i) artículos publicados en revistas científicas/revistas; (ii) publicados en los últimos 10 años; (iii) redactados en portugués, español e inglés; (iv) con la inclusión de participantes con Enfermedad de Parkinson, incluso en grupos mixtos, pero con datos específicos sobre el desempeño de la doble tarea; (v) con descripción de la intervención de doble tarea. Resultados: se incluyeron 13 artículos en esta revisión sistemática: 5 de buena calidad, 7 se consideraron de calidad regular, y uno de mala calidad. Entre los artículos analizados se verificó el uso de pistas: auditivas en 3 estudios, visuales en 6 estudios, audiovisuales en 2 estudios y auditivas y táctiles en 2 estudios. Relativamente a la double tarea:se verificó que 8 han realizado apenas en double tareas cognitivo y solo 1 estudio con double tarea motor, además de 2 estudios donde se realizaron ambos tipos de doble tarea. Apenas 3 artículos relacionaron las pistas (visuales e auditivas) directamente con el rendimiento de la doble tarea. Este estudio muestra que las pistas mejoran las características espaciotemporales de la marcha en la Enfermedad de Parkinson y que la doble tarea, por otro lado, impone mayores exigencias en la planificación del movimiento. Conclusión: Esta revisión sistemática identificó variabilidad significativa en las metodologías utilizadas. Las pistas visuales fueron consideradas como las más utilizadas en la intervención de doble tarea. En general, el uso de pistas parece aumentar el rendimiento de la Enfermedad de Parkinson.
Palabras clave: Enfermedades Neuromusculares; Rehabilitación; Terapia de ejercicio; Feedback; Sensorial
Abstract. Objective: To characterize, through a systematic review, the influence of different types of cues (auditory, visual, tactile) on dual-task performance in Parkinson's Disease. Methodology: The primary search was conducted in the PubMed, Scopus and Science Direct databases. The studies were included according to the following eligibility criteria: (i) articles published in scientific journals; (ii) published in the last 10 years; (iii) written in Portuguese, Spanish and English; (iv) with the inclusion of participants with Parkinson's disease, even if in mixed groups, but with specific data on dual-task performance; (v) with a description of a dual-task intervention. Results: 13 articles were included in this systematic review: 5 of good quality, 7 of reasonable quality, and one of poor quality. There was a greater use of visual cues in 6 studies; 3 studies with auditory cues; 2 with tactile cues and 2 with audio-visual cues. Regarding dual tasking: 8 studies performed dual cognitive tasking, 2 performed dual motor tasking, and 3 performed both. Only 3 studies used measures of correlation between cues and dual-task performance. The present review demonstrates that cues (visual and motor) improve the spatiotemporal characteristics of gait in Parkinson's disease and that dual tasking, on the other hand, represents a greater demand in movement planning. Conclusion: This systematic review identified a significant variability in the methodologies used. Visual cues stand out for their more frequent use in Parkinson's Disease. Overall, the use of lanes seems to increase performance
Key-Words: Neuromuscular Diseases; Rehabilitation; Exercise Therapy; Feedback; Sensory
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