Integração da atividade física em sala de aula e seus efeitos físicos e cognitivo-acadêmicos. Uma revisão sistemática e um guia educacional prático
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v49.97957Palavras-chave:
actividad física integrada, rendimiento cognitivo, rendimiento académico, educación física, clases activasResumo
Esta revisão sistemática teve como objetivo analisar estudos de intervenção educacional sobre os efeitos da integração da atividade física em sala de aula e seus efeitos físicos, cognitivos e no desempenho acadêmico em escolares de quatro a oito anos de idade. Dezessete estudos de intervenção realizados entre dezembro de 2010 e dezembro de 2022 foram recuperados de quatro bancos de dados. Todos os artigos mostraram que a integração da atividade física nas aulas acadêmicas é benéfica para melhorar o desempenho físico, cognitivo e acadêmico, mas esses efeitos variaram de acordo com o tipo, duração e intensidade da atividade física utilizada. São discutidas as implicações da inclusão da IPA (Atividade Física Integrada) nas aulas escolares, com base nas teorias de "aprendizagem incorporada" e "teoria da carga cognitiva", entre outras, e é oferecido um guia prático com recomendações para a implementação de programas de aulas ativas no contexto escolar. Finalmente, sugere-se continuar investigando o assunto e analisando os efeitos desse tipo de metodologia em algumas variáveis específicas, como funções executivas ou motivação para aulas escolares.
Palavras-chave: atividade física integrada, desempenho cognitivo, desempenho acadêmico, educação física, aulas ativas.
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