O treino muscular inspiratório durante 3 semanas aumenta a pressão inspiratória, mas não o desempenho em jovens nadadores de elite chilenos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v60.106715Palavras-chave:
entrenamiento músculos inspiratorios, nadadores jóvenes, rendimiento físico, metabolismo, consumo de oxígenoResumo
O treino muscular inspiratório (TMI) tem demonstrado alguns benefícios no desempenho dos atletas dependendo da intensidade, duração e adesão ao treino. Investigamos o efeito de um protocolo de extensão reduzida e de alta intensidade. 14 jovens nadadores chilenos de nível regional de ambos os sexos foram distribuídos aleatoriamente por um grupo de controlo (G-CON) (2M/5H) e outro que realizou treino muscular inspiratório (G-IMT) (2M/5H). Ambos os grupos continuaram com o treino de natação normalmente, o G-IMT adicionou um tratamento de 36 sessões, distribuídas por 2 sessões por dia de 30 respirações a 70% da Pressão Inspiratória Máxima (PIMax) utilizando a válvula Powerbreathe® durante três semanas. Após a intervenção, o PIMax apresentou aumentos no G-IMT (p=0,0115, η2=0,4254; tamanho de efeito grande), sem alterações morfológicas diafragmáticas, nem melhorias na espirometria, nem no teste cardiopulmonar laboratorial, nem nas variáveis de desempenho físico após. Concluindo, o TMI em atletas jovens durante três semanas melhorou a força muscular inspiratória, mas não modificou a morfologia do diafragma nem o desempenho físico, medido tanto em laboratório como em teste de campo.
Palavras-chave: treino muscular inspiratório, jovens nadadores, desempenho físico, metabolismo, consumo de oxigénio.
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