Eficácia da implementação do aprendizado da ginástica na primeira infância em comparação ao aprendizado convencional de habilidades motoras.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v58.105166Palavras-chave:
Motricidad, Gimnasia, Aprendizaje, NiñosResumo
Esta pesquisa começou com atrasos no domínio das habilidades motoras na primeira infância, isso pode ser percebido quando a aprendizagem ainda é observada ou não envolve as crianças na aprendizagem, o que impacta nas habilidades motoras das crianças. Esta pesquisa visa determinar se as habilidades motoras de crianças pequenas podem ser melhoradas usando a abordagem da ginástica em comparação com a abordagem convencional. O método utilizado nesta pesquisa foi um quase-experimento no qual participaram 12 meninas do grupo experimental e 12 meninas do grupo controle. Os dados foram obtidos a partir de habilidades motoras e continuados com testes descritivos de dados, testes de normalidade, testes de amostras pareadas e testes de amostras independentes. Os resultados da pesquisa mostram que o valor do sinal bicaudal é <0,05, o que significa que há uma diferença significativa entre as crianças que recebem aulas de ginástica em comparação com aulas convencionais. No futuro, a abordagem da ginástica será mais eficaz para ser aplicada na primeira infância para dominar as habilidades motoras.
Palavras-chave: Habilidades motoras, Ginástica, Aprendizagem, Crianças
Referências
Adolph, Karen E., and Justine E. Hoch. 2019. “Motor Development: Embodied, Embedded, Enculturated, and Enabling.” Annual Review of Psychology 70:141–64. doi: 10.1146/annurev-psych-010418-102836.
Busquets, Albert, Silvia Aranda-Garcia, Blai Ferrer-Uris, Michel Marina, and Rosa Angulo-Barroso. 2018. “Age and Gymnastic Experience Effects on Sensory Reweighting Processes during Quiet Stand.” Gait and Posture 63:177–83. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2018.05.009.
Chang, Mei, and Xiangli Gu. 2018. “The Role of Executive Function in Linking Fundamental Motor Skills and Reading Proficiency in Socioeconomically Disadvantaged Kindergarteners.” Learning and Individual Differences 61:250–55. doi: 10.1016/j.lindif.2018.01.002.
Chen, Yong, Ying Gu, Ying Tian, Hyunshik Kim, Jiameng Ma, Xuefeng Jia, and Lianlian Qin. 2022. “Developing a Scale for Measuring the Fundamental Movement Skills of Preschool Children in China.” International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2022, Vol. 19, Page 14257 19(21):14257. doi: 10.3390/IJERPH192114257.
Cohen, Kristen E., Philip J. Morgan, Ronald C. Plotnikoff, Robin Callister, and David R. Lubans. 2014. “Fundamental Movement Skills and Physical Activity among Children Living in Low-Income Communities: A Cross-Sectional Study.” International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity 11(1). doi: 10.1186/1479-5868-11-49.
Dapp, Laura C., Venera Gashaj, and Claudia M. Roebers. 2021. “Physical Activity and Motor Skills in Children: A Differentiated Approach.” Psychology of Sport and Exercise 54. doi: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2021.101916.
Eriani, E., … D. Dimyati-on Special and Inclusive Education (ICSIE, and undefined 2019. 2019. “Fantasy Gymnastic as an Active and Imaginative Learning Model to Children’s Gross Motor.” Atlantis-Press.Com.
Gandotra, Aditi, Eszter Kotyuk, Anna Szekely, Krisztian Kasos, Luca Csirmaz, and Renata Cserjesi. 2020. “Fundamental Movement Skills in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review.” Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders 78. doi: 10.1016/j.rasd.2020.101632.
Gómez-Landero, Luis Arturo, Pureza Leal del Ojo, Cherie Walker, and Pablo Floría. 2021. “Static Balance Performance Differs Depending on the Test, Age and Specific Role Played in Acrobatic Gymnastics.” Gait and Posture 90:48–54. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2021.07.023.
Guo, Su, Shanshan Guan, and Xiaoqian Yan. 2021. “Effects of Early Learning Environment on Early Childhood Development in Rural Areas in China.” Children and Youth Services Review 124. doi: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2021.105978.
Han, Ahreum, Allan Fu, Stephen Cobley, and Ross H. Sanders. 2018. “Effectiveness of Exercise Intervention on Improving Fundamental Movement Skills and Motor Coordination in Overweight/Obese Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review.” Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport 21(1):89–102. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2017.07.001.
Healy, Sean, Iva Obrusnikova, and Nancy Getchell. 2021. “Fundamental Motor Skill Interventions in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review of the Literature Including a Methodological Quality Assessment.” Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders 81. doi: 10.1016/j.rasd.2020.101717.
Katagiri, Masatoshi, Hiroyuki Ito, Yasuo Murayama, Megumi Hamada, Syunji Nakajima, Nobuya Takayanagi, Ai Uemiya, Mitsunori Myogan, Akio Nakai, and Masatsugu Tsujii. 2021. “Fine and Gross Motor Skills Predict Later Psychosocial Maladaptation and Academic Achievement.” Brain and Development 43(5):605–15. doi: 10.1016/j.braindev.2021.01.003.
Kavanagh, Jennifer A., Johann Issartel, and Kieran Moran. 2020. “Quantifying Cycling as a Foundational Movement Skill in Early Childhood.” Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport 23(2):171–75. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2019.08.020.
Komaini, A. 2017. “Fundamental Motor Skills of Kindergarten Students (a Survey Study of the Influence of Financial Condition, Playing Activity, and Nutritional Status).” in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. Vol. 180. Institute of Physics Publishing.
Komaini, Anton, Heru Andika, Rully Effendi, Ajis Sumantri, Fredrik Alfrets Makadada, and Fredrik Djoiske Sumarauw. 2024. “Motivation and Play Activities for Children’s Basic Movements Actividades de Motivación y Juego Para Los Movimientos Básicos de Los Niños.” Retos 57:258–63.
Lawson, Chelsey, Emma L. J. Eyre, Jason Tallis, and Michael J. Duncan. 2021. “Fundamental Movement Skill Proficiency Among British Primary School Children: Analysis at a Behavioral Component Level.” Perceptual and Motor Skills 128(2):625–48. doi: 10.1177/0031512521990330.
Lin, Chih Chien, Shu Shih Hsieh, Yu Kai Chang, Chung Ju Huang, Charles H. Hillman, and Tsung Min Hung. 2021. “Up-Regulation of Proactive Control Is Associated with Beneficial Effects of a Childhood Gymnastics Program on Response Preparation and Working Memory.” Brain and Cognition 149. doi: 10.1016/j.bandc.2021.105695.
Liu, Cong, Yuxian Cao, Zhijie Zhang, Rong Gao, and Guofeng Qu. 2023. “Correlation of Fundamental Movement Skills with Health-Related Fitness Elements in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review.” Frontiers in Public Health 11. doi: 10.3389/FPUBH.2023.1129258.
Lopes, Vítor P., Susana Rafaela Martins, Celina Gonçalves, Marco Antonio Cossio-Bolaños, Rossana Gómez-Campos, and Luis P. Rodrigues. 2022. “Motor Competence Predicts Self-Esteem during Childhood in Typical Development Children.” Psychology of Sport and Exercise 63. doi: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2022.102256.
Luz, Carlos, Rita Cordovil, Luís Paulo Rodrigues, Zan Gao, Jacqueline D. Goodway, Ryan S. Sacko, Danielle R. Nesbitt, Rick C. Ferkel, Larissa K. True, and David F. Stodden. 2019. “Motor Competence and Health-Related Fitness in Children: A Cross-Cultural Comparison between Portugal and the United States.” Journal of Sport and Health Science 8(2):130–36. doi: 10.1016/j.jshs.2019.01.005.
Melo, Renato S., Afonso Rodrigues Tavares-Netto, Alexandre Delgado, Carine Carolina Wiesiolek, Karla Mônica Ferraz, and Rosalie Barreto Belian. 2020. “Does the Practice of Sports or Recreational Activities Improve the Balance and Gait of Children and Adolescents with Sensorineural Hearing Loss? A Systematic Review.” Gait & Posture 77:144–55. doi: 10.1016/J.GAITPOST.2020.02.001.
Menescardi, Cristina, An De Meester, Octavio Álvarez, Isabel Castillo, Leen Haerens, and Isaac Estevan. 2023. “The Mediational Role of Motivation in the Model of Motor Development in Childhood: A Longitudinal Study.” Psychology of Sport and Exercise 66. doi: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2023.102398.
Nazaruk, Stanisława, and Ewa Tokarewicz. 2020. “Do Preschool Institutions in Poland Provide Children with the Optimal Development in the Field of Physical Activity?” Early Child Development and Care 190(13):2003–12. doi: 10.1080/03004430.2018.1555822.
O’Hagan, Anna Donnla, Stephen Behan, Cameron Peers, Sarahjane Belton, Noel O’Connor, and Johann Issartel. 2022. “Do Our Movement Skills Impact Our Cognitive Skills? Exploring the Relationship between Cognitive Function and Fundamental Movement Skills in Primary School Children.” Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport 25(11):871–77. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2022.08.001.
Olajos, Andrea Adorjanne, Masaki Takeda, Beata Dobay, Zsolt Radak, and Erika Koltai. 2020. “Freestyle Gymnastic Exercise Can Be Used to Assess Complex Coordination in a Variety of Sports.” Journal of Exercise Science and Fitness 18(2):47–56. doi: 10.1016/j.jesf.2019.11.002.
Onyango, Silas, Stephanie Simmons Zuilkowski, Patricia Kitsao-Wekulo, Nampaka Nkumbula, Jürg Utzinger, and Günther Fink. 2021. “Relative Importance of Early Childhood Development Domains for Schooling Progression: Longitudinal Evidence from the Zambia Early Childhood Development Project.” International Journal of Educational Development 85. doi: 10.1016/j.ijedudev.2021.102445.
Özçakır, Sabri. 2019. “‘Heroes! Bring Happiness to Your Motherland! Long Live the Yunaks’: The Bulgarian Yunak Gymnastics Movement in the Late Ottoman Period.” International Journal of the History of Sport 36(2–3):186–206. doi: 10.1080/09523367.2019.1630820.
Perdana, Glady Sukma, Widiyanto, and Ilham. 2021. “Development of an Android-Based Application as an Information System for Sports Venues and Sport Community.” International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences 9(6):1131–39. doi: 10.13189/saj.2021.090608.
Pienaar, Anita E., Carli Gericke, and Wilmarié du Plessis. 2021. “Competency in Object Control Skills at an Early Age Benefit Future Movement Application: Longitudinal Data from the Nw-Child Study.” International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18(4):1–14. doi: 10.3390/IJERPH18041648.
Pranoto, Nuridin Widya, Ahmad Chaeroni, Muhamad Sazeli Rifki, Ilham, and Nugroho Susanto. 2023. “The Effects of Inactivity During The COVID-19 Pandemic on the Psychomotor Skills of Kindergarten Students.” Annals of Applied Sport Science 11(2). doi: 10.52547/aassjournal.1162.
Premand, Patrick, and Oumar Barry. 2022. “Behavioral Change Promotion, Cash Transfers and Early Childhood Development: Experimental Evidence from a Government Program in a Low-Income Setting.” Journal of Development Economics 158. doi: 10.1016/j.jdeveco.2022.102921.
Rainer, Paul, Stuart Jarvis, and Siva Ganesh. 2023. “Fundamental Movement Skills Proficiency and Their Relationship with Measures of Functional Movement and Health-Related Physical Fitness in Welsh Adolescents.” Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science. doi: 10.1080/1091367X.2023.2179402.
Rudd, James R., Lisa M. Barnett, Damian Farrow, Jason Berry, Erika Borkoles, and Remco Polman. 2017. “Effectiveness of a 16 Week Gymnastics Curriculum at Developing Movement Competence in Children.” Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport 20(2):164–69. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2016.06.013.
Simpson, Aaron, Michelle Stein, Michael Rosenberg, Brodie Ward, Amanda Derbyshire, Ashleigh L. Thornton, and Ben Jackson. 2023. “Early Childhood Educator Outcomes from Online Professional Development for Physical Literacy: A Randomised Controlled Trial.” Psychology of Sport and Exercise 68:102464. doi: 10.1016/J.PSYCHSPORT.2023.102464.
Sridadi, Tomoliyus, Erda Ayu Septiasari, Parijan, Hari Yuliarto, and Ilham. 2021. “Effect of Technical Training Using a Ball on the Dribbling Speed for Football Players Aged 10-12 Years.” International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences 9(4):824–31. doi: 10.13189/SAJ.2021.090429.
Strotmeyer, Anne, Christian Herrmann, and Miriam Kehne. 2022. “A Longitudinal Analysis of Reciprocal Relationships between Actual and Perceived Motor Competencies and Physical Self-Concept in Primary-School Age Children.” Psychology of Sport and Exercise 63. doi: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2022.102269.
Sulistiyowati, Endang Murti, Wawan Sundawan Suherman, Endang Rini Sukamti, Ilham, Fajar Sriwahyuniati, Ratna Budiarti, and Nuridin Widya Pranoto. 2022. “Development of Early Childhood Skills by Guiding Tests in Sports Rhythmic Gymnastics.” International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences 10(2):253–63. doi: 10.13189/SAJ.2022.100216.
Wälti, Marina, Jeffrey Sallen, Manolis Adamakis, Fabienne Ennigkeit, Erin Gerlach, Christopher Heim, Boris Jidovtseff, Irene Kossyva, Jana Labudová, Dana Masaryková, Remo Mombarg, Liliane De Sousa Morgado, Benjamin Niederkofler, Maike Niehues, Marcos Onofre, Uwe Pühse, Ana Quitério, Claude Scheuer, Harald Seelig, Petr Vlček, Jaroslav Vrbas, and Christian Herrmann. 2022. “Basic Motor Competencies of 6- to 8-Year-Old Primary School Children in 10 European Countries: A Cross-Sectional Study on Associations With Age, Sex, Body Mass Index, and Physical Activity.” Frontiers in Psychology 13:804753. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.804753.
Wang, Huan, Yanjie Chen, Jianing Liu, Huanhuan Sun, and Weizhen Gao. 2020. “A Follow-Up Study of Motor Skill Development and Its Determinants in Preschool Children from Middle-Income Family.” BioMed Research International 2020. doi: 10.1155/2020/6639341.
Wick, Kristin, Claudia S. Leeger-Aschmann, Nico D. Monn, Thomas Radtke, Laura V. Ott, Cornelia E. Rebholz, Sergio Cruz, Natalie Gerber, Einat A. Schmutz, Jardena J. Puder, Simone Munsch, Tanja H. Kakebeeke, Oskar G. Jenni, Urs Granacher, and Susi Kriemler. 2017. “Interventions to Promote Fundamental Movement Skills in Childcare and Kindergarten: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.” Sports Medicine 47(10):2045–68. doi: 10.1007/S40279-017-0723-1.
Wood, Aaron P., Satomi Imai, Amy Gross McMillan, Damon Swift, and Katrina D. DuBose. 2020. “Physical Activity Types and Motor Skills in 3-5-Year Old Children: National Youth Fitness Survey.” Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport 23(4):390–95. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2019.11.005.
Yılmaz, Simge, and Berna Sicim-Sevim. 2020. “The Examination of the Differences in the Motor Proficiency Skills of Children Practising Gymnastics vs. Non-Sportive Children.” Early Child Development and Care 190(9):1455–62. doi: 10.1080/03004430.2018.1559159.
Zeng, Nan, Susan L. Johnson, Richard E. Boles, and Laura L. Bellows. 2019. “Social-Ecological Correlates of Fundamental Movement Skills in Young Children.” Journal of Sport and Health Science 8(2):122–29. doi: 10.1016/j.jshs.2019.01.001.
Downloads
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Secção
Licença
Direitos de Autor (c) 2024 Retos
![Creative Commons License](http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-nc-nd/4.0/88x31.png)
Este trabalho encontra-se publicado com a Licença Internacional Creative Commons Atribuição-NãoComercial-SemDerivações 4.0.
Autores que publicam nesta revista concordam com os seguintes termos:
- Autores mantém os direitos autorais e assegurar a revista o direito de ser a primeira publicação da obra como licenciado sob a Licença Creative Commons Attribution que permite que outros para compartilhar o trabalho com o crédito de autoria do trabalho e publicação inicial nesta revista.
- Os autores podem estabelecer acordos adicionais separados para a distribuição não-exclusiva da versão do trabalho publicado na revista (por exemplo, a um repositório institucional, ou publicá-lo em um livro), com reconhecimento de autoria e publicação inicial nesta revista.
- É permitido e os autores são incentivados a divulgar o seu trabalho por via electrónica (por exemplo, em repositórios institucionais ou no seu próprio site), antes e durante o processo de envio, pois pode gerar alterações produtivas, bem como a uma intimação mais Cedo e mais do trabalho publicado (Veja O Efeito do Acesso Livre) (em Inglês).
Esta revista é a "política de acesso aberto" de Boai (1), apoiando os direitos dos usuários de "ler, baixar, copiar, distribuir, imprimir, pesquisar, ou link para os textos completos dos artigos". (1) http://legacy.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/boaifaq.htm#openaccess