Desafios e questões encontradas por treinadores de elite no desenvolvimento de alunos-atletas nas escolas esportivas da Malásia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v56.104742Palavras-chave:
Elite coach, student-athlete's development, challenges, issues, Malaysian sports schoolResumo
A Escola de Esportes da Malásia (MSS) é uma instituição governamental sob a tutela do Ministério da Educação da Malásia. É uma instituição especializada que dá prioridade à educação e formação desportiva de jovens atletas excecionalmente dotados. O objetivo principal do MSS é criar um ambiente propício para que os alunos prosperem tanto em atividades acadêmicas quanto atléticas. É imperativo melhorar o domínio do desporto a nível escolar, a fim de otimizar o desempenho e as realizações dos alunos-atletas nas diferentes disciplinas desportivas. Portanto, este estudo tem como objetivo investigar os problemas e obstáculos específicos encontrados pelos treinadores de alto nível do MSS na formação de alunos-atletas superdotados. O estudo empregou o Método Qualitativo, utilizando especificamente a abordagem da Teoria Fundamentada Evoluída desenvolvida por Strauss e Corbin. Os dados foram recolhidos de dez treinadores de elite em cinco MSS através de entrevistas abertas semiestruturadas em profundidade, observação e análise de documentos. O objetivo era identificar os principais problemas e desafios que eles encontraram. Os dados foram transcritos exatamente como falados e analisados no Atlas. software ti 8.0, seguindo a abordagem recomendada de codificação aberta, codificação axial e codificação seletiva proposta por Strauss e Corbin. As conclusões do estudo indicam que o coaching apresenta três desafios principais: 1) Papéis e Responsabilidades, 2) Metas de desempenho e 3) Fatores Externos. Além disso, existem três questões principais de coaching: 1) Instalações, 2) Manutenção e 3) Transporte. Assim, esta descoberta ajudará as partes interessadas do MSS, particularmente o ministério e outras partes interessadas, a reconhecer e abordar áreas que podem ser melhoradas e reforçadas para os requisitos de orientação e crescimento dos estudantes atletas. Isso garantirá que o MSS desempenhe um papel fundamental no cultivo de estudantes-atletas qualificados que possam representar a Malásia no futuro.
Palavras-chave: Treinador de elite, desenvolvimento do aluno-atleta, desafios, questões, desafios, escola de esportes da Malásia.
Referências
Ahmad N. (2021). Tahap kecergasan fizikal antara atlet sukan individu dan atlet sukan berpasukan di Sekolah Sukan Malaysia Pahang.[Unpublished master's dissertation]. Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
Ahmad A. (1999). Program latihan sukan: Amalan jurulatih tempatan. [Master’s dissertation]. Universiti Putra Malaysia. Available from: http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/9113/1/FPP_1999_7_A.pdf
Akbar, A., Karim, Z. A., Zakaria, J., Hazely, F., Mohamed, A. R., Imami, M. K. W., & Rahman, M. A. (2024). Exploring the fundamental aspect of grassroot football academy: A case study in indonesia. Retos, 53, 280–287. https://recyt.fecyt.es/index.php/retos/index
Allen, J. B., & Howe, B. L. (1998). Player ability, coach feedback, and female adolescent athletes perceived competence and satisfaction. Journal Of Exercise and Exercise Psychology, 20, 280–299. https://www.storre.stir.ac.uk/bitstream/1893/8939/1/AllenandHowe_JSEP_1998.pdf
Amorose, A. J., & Horn, T. S. (2001). Pre- to post-season changes in the intrinsic motivation of first year college athletes: relationships with coaching behavior and scholarship status. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 13(4), 355–373. https://doi.org/10.1080/104132001753226247
Aznar-Ballesta, A., & Vernetta, M. (2023). Enjoyment and motivation in the practice of physical activity and satisfaction with sports services during adolescence. Retos, 47, 51–60.https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v47.94
Balabanian, B. (2020). Transportation and its effect on student performance. Master Thesis in Geographical Information Science. Lund University.https://lup.lub.lu.se/luur/download?func=downloadFile&recordOId=
&fileOId=9032280
Barker-Ruchti, N., Schubring, A., Aarresola, O., Kerr, R., Grahn, K., & McMahon, J. (2018). Producing success: A critical analysis of athlete development governance in six countries. International Journal of Sport Policy and Politics, 10(2), 215-234. doi:10.1080/19406940.2017.1348381
Basri, N. J. B. (2018). Penerimaan sokongan sosial dan status kesihatan mental berdasarkan jantina dalam kalangan atlet pelajar di Sekolah Sukan Malaysia. Malaysia Outdoor Recreation, 46–50. https://repository.unpas.ac.id/43911/1/Book%201%20Malaysia%20Outdoor%20Recreation%2015%20ogos.pdf#page=31
Camilo, J., Almeida, J. C. S., & Galán, C. H. (2024). Suicide in the Context of Elite Sport: a Meta-Ethnographic Synthesis: a Meta-Ethnographic Synthesis. Retos, 54, 633-641. https://recyt.fecyt.es/index.php/retos/article/view/103459/7
Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2018). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (5th ed). Thousand Oaks, California: SAGE Publications, Inc. https://my1lib.org/book/50231
/3ad332
Deborah, D. T. G., Larissa, L. R. G., & Fabrício, F. V. do A. V. (2023). How to evaluate soccer coaches’ communication? Retos, 47, 1031–1040. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v47.95568
Deraman, H. H., Daud, M. A., & Samad, R. S. A. (2017). Pelaksanan pengurusan pasukan bola sepak untuk program sukan prestasi tinggi sekolah Malaysia. Jurnal Kurikulum Dan Pengajaran Asia Pasifik, 5(2), 55–65. https://jice.um.edu.my/index.php/JUKU/article/view/8221/5692
Desa, A. M., & Salamuddin, N. (2022). Tahap kompetensi jurulatih sukan dalam melaksanakan latihan. Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 7(3), e001358-e001358. https://doi.org/10.47405/mjssh.v7i3.1358
Din, A., Abd Rashid, S., & Awang, M. I. (2015). Aspek pengurusan program latihan dan kesannya terhadap kepuasan atlet sekolah sukan. International Journal of Management Studies, 22(1), 73-95. https://e-journal.uum.edu.my/index.php/ijms/article/view/10421
Din, A., Rashid, S. A., Sufian, A., Nazarudin, M. N., & Suppiah, P. K. (1980). Faktor peramal kepuasan kerja terhadap gaya kepimpinan jurulatih Sekolah Sukan Malaysia. Universitas Malaysia Sabah, 35, 1–22. http://eprints.iab.edu.my/v2/12/1/Baru_edited_1705.Sukan-Amaluddin_suku.pdf
Edwards, A. (2021). A Parallel Journey: The varied roles of coaching in an elite athlete's transition to a second career. International Journal of Evidence Based Coaching & Mentoring, 15. doi: 10.24384/14xj-mh09
Flach, M. C., MacIel, L. F. P., Dallegrave, E. J., Collet, C., Benites, L. C., Duek, V. P., Farias, G. O., & Folle, A. (2023). Study routine of athletes-students during sports development. Retos, 47, 228–237. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v47.90915
Friese, S. (2002). Qualitative data analysis with ATLAS.ti. ATLAS.Ti - Workshop Booklet, 1–23.
Furley, P., Laborde, S., Robazza, C., & Lane, A. (2023). Emotions in sport. In Sport And Exercise Psychology: Theory And Application (pp. 247-279). Cham: Springer International Publishing. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/368819586
Hackfort, D., & Schinke, R. J. (2020). The routledge international encyclopedia of sport and exercise psychology: Volume 1: Theoretical and methodological concepts. Routledge.
Hennink, M., Hutter, I., & Bailey, A. (2020). Qualitative research methods. Sage.
Irwahand, F. N. E., Mat-Rasid, S. M., Lee, J. L. F., Elumalai, G., Shahril, M. I., & Ahmad, M. A. I. (2022). Perceived barriers to adopting information and communication technology in physical education. Pedagogy of Physical Culture and Sports, 26(5), 291–299. https://doi.org/10.15561/26649837.2022.0503
Ishak, A. W. (2017). Communication in sports teams: A review. Communication research trends, 36(4), 4-38. http://cscc.scu.edu/trends/v36/CRT_v36_n4_December_2017.pdf
Karim, Z. A. (2016). Malaysian football coaches: The key challenges. International Journal of Health, Physical Education and Computer Science in Sports, 24(1), 18-24.https://www.researchgate.net/publication/321308
_Malaysian_Football_Coaches_The_Key_Challenges
Karim, Z.A., Razak, A. N., Nadzalan, A. M. (2018). Designing model of career path development for National Football Development Program (NFDP): directions, issues, challenges and sources of knowledge that influence and develop coaching expertise level. Int J Acad Res Bus Soc Sci. 2018;8(3):542-50. http://dx.doi: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v8-i3/3948
Karim, Z. A., & Nadzalan, A. M. (2017). The development of coaching knowledge among Malaysian accredited football coaches. International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development, 6(4), 113–127. https://doi.org/10.6007/ijarped/v6-i4/3529
Kaushik, D., & Mukherjee, U. (2022). High-performance work system: a systematic review of literature. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 30(6), 1624-1643.https://doi.org/10.1108/I/JO
A-07-2020-2282
Khan, W., Khan, S., Arif, T., & Khan, S. R. (2020). Challenges in perspective of life skills acquisition; implication for placement of life skills in university curriculum. Pedagogy of Physical Culture and Sports, 24(4), 189–194. https://doi.org/10.15561/26649837.2020.0406
KPM. (2021). Sekolah Sukan Malaysia. https://www.moe.gov.my/pendidikan/pendidikan-menengah/sekolah-sukan-malaysia
Lara-Bercial, S., Bales, J., & North, J. (2020). Coaching around the world: On becoming a profession. Coaching for human development and performance in sports, 93-121. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-63912-9_6
Lebar O. (2018). Penyelidikan kualitatif: Pengenalan kepada teori dan metode. Edisi ke-2. Tanjung Malim: Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris.
Lohr, S. L. (2021). Sampling: design and analysis. Chapman and Hall/CRC.
MacIntyre, G., Cogan, N. A., Stewart, A. E., Quinn, N., Rowe, M., & O’Connell, M. (2019). What’s citizenship got to do with mental health? Rationale for inclusion of citizenship as part of a mental health strategy. Journal of Public Mental Health, 18(3), 157-161.https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/67575/1/MacIntyre_etal_J
PMH_2019_Whats_citizenship_got_to_do_with_mental_health_rationale_for_inclusion.pdf
Maciel, L. F. P., Farias, G. O., Dallegrave, E. J., Flach, M. C., do Nascimento, J. V., & Folle, A. (2022). Sports and school involvement and performance: a systematic review of literature. Retos, 47, 12–24. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v46.90498
Martens, R. (2023). Successful coaching. Excerpt from successful coaching (3rd ed.). https://www.lombardparks.
com/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/Better-Practice-Planning.pdf
Martens, R., & Vealey, R. S. (2023). Successful coaching. Human kinetics.
Merriam, S.B., Grenier, R. S. (2019). Qualitative research in practice: Examples for discussion and analysis. John Wiley & Sons
Mohd Rasyid N. 2009. Motif penglibatan, orientasi matlamat dan gaya kepimpinan jurulatih dari perspektif atlet. https://ir.upsi.edu.my/files/docs/2020/922_922.pdf. [Doctoral dissertation]. Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
Mohd Judan, M. H., Awang, M. M., & Othman, N. (2022). Isu dan cabaran pelajar atlet dalam mengimbangi pencapaian akademik dan sukan. Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 7(8), e001682. https://doi.org/10.47405/mjssh.v7i8.1682
Nicholls, A. R. (2021). Psychology in sports coaching: Theory and practice. Routledge.
Noor, N. M. (2014). Hubungan tingkah laku kejurulatihan dengan motivasi atlet bola sepak di sekolah sukan Malaysia [Unpublished master's dissertation]. Serdang: Universiti Putra Malaysia.
Patiño, B. A. B., Ramírez, F. J. P, & Prieto, J. R. (2024). Importance of learning to learn competence in Colombian university students based on multivariate analysis: challenges, opportunities and challenges for education. Retos, (55), 613-623. https://recyt.fecyt.es/index.php/retos/article/view/103860/77355
Patton MQ. 2002. Qualitative research and evaluation methods (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, Inc
Pestano, R. D., & Ibarra, F. P. (2021). Assessment on the implementation of special program in sports and student-athletes performance in sports competition. International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 9(4), 791-796. https://www.hrpub.org/download/20210630/SAJ25-19923647.pdf
Purnomo, E., Ma’mum, A., Kusmaedi, N., Hendrayana, Y., Jermaina, N., Amirudin, A., Fitryona, N., & Sari, D. M. (2024). Integration of social values through sport. Retos, 2041, 144–153. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v52.102459
Ramalu, R. R., Karim, Z. A., & Elumalai, G. (2021). Malaysian state sports schools football coaching process key themes development: Constant comparison method in data analysis. Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences & Humani-ties, 29(3). https://doi.org/10.47836/pjssh.29.3.04
Rosalejos, R. M., & Lubos, L. C. (2019). Coaches’ coaching competencies and student athletes’ sports achievement. Liceo Journal of Higher Education Research, 15(2), 86–119. https://doi.org/10.7828/ljher.v15
i2.1324
Saunders, B., Sim, J., Kingstone, T., Baker, S., Waterfield, J., Bartlam, B., Burroughs, H., & Jinks, C. (2018). Saturation in qualitative research: exploring its conceptualization and operationalization. Quality and Quantity, 52(4), 1893–1907. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11135-017-0574-8
Schulenkorf, N., & Siefken, K. (2019). Managing sport-for-development and healthy lifestyles: The sport-for-health model. Sport Management Review, 22(1), 96-107.https://opus.lib.uts.edu.au/bitstream/10453/128572
/3/DB10702D-3EA7-42CD-B8A5-E5136EB09FD8%20%20%20am.pdf
Seman, M., Ghani, M. F. A., Ali, S. K. S., Hamid, R., & Som, M. F. M. (2021). Tahap keberkesanan sekolah sukan di Malaysia. Jurnal Kepimpinan Pendidikan, 8(1), 61–87. https://mojes.um.edu.my/index.php/JUPID
I/article/view/28476/12761
Siedentop, D., Hastie, P., & Van der Mars, H. (2019). Complete guide to sport education. 3rd ed. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
Snarr, R. L., & Beasley, V. L. (2022). Personal, work-, and client-related burnout within strength and conditioning coaches and personal trainers. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 36(2), e31-e40. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000003956
Strauss, A. & Corbin, J. M. (2008). Basics of qualitative research: Techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, California: Sage Publications Inc. Retrieved from https://my1lib.org/book/2495402/ad9a84
Strauss, A. & Corbin, J. M. (1998). Basics of qualitative research: Techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, California: Sage Publications, Inc. Retrieved from https://my1lib.org/book/936340/352219
Strauss, A. & Corbin, J. M. (1990). Basic of qualitative research: Grounded theory procedures and technique. Newbury Park, Calif: Sage Publications. https://books.google.com.my/books?id=4jC2AAAAIAAJ&sou
rce=gbs_book_other_versions
Subijana, C. L. D., Martin, L. J., Tejón, O., & Côté, J. (2021). Adolescent athletes’ perceptions of both their coachs’ leadership and their personal motivation. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 128(2), 813-830. https://doi.org/10.1177/0031512520985760
Wasserbauer, M. (2023). The effect of sports infrastructure and competence of sports teachers on sport interest. Siber International Journal of Sport Education (SIJSE), 1(1), 10-17. doi:10.38035/sijse.v1i1.18
Yin, W. (2023). A review of research on the impact of high-performance work system on employee job perfor-mance. Highlights in Business, Economics and Management, 8, 464-472. doi:10.54097/hbem.v8i.7247
Downloads
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Secção
Licença
Direitos de Autor (c) 2024 Retos
Este trabalho encontra-se publicado com a Licença Internacional Creative Commons Atribuição-NãoComercial-SemDerivações 4.0.
Autores que publicam nesta revista concordam com os seguintes termos:
- Autores mantém os direitos autorais e assegurar a revista o direito de ser a primeira publicação da obra como licenciado sob a Licença Creative Commons Attribution que permite que outros para compartilhar o trabalho com o crédito de autoria do trabalho e publicação inicial nesta revista.
- Os autores podem estabelecer acordos adicionais separados para a distribuição não-exclusiva da versão do trabalho publicado na revista (por exemplo, a um repositório institucional, ou publicá-lo em um livro), com reconhecimento de autoria e publicação inicial nesta revista.
- É permitido e os autores são incentivados a divulgar o seu trabalho por via electrónica (por exemplo, em repositórios institucionais ou no seu próprio site), antes e durante o processo de envio, pois pode gerar alterações produtivas, bem como a uma intimação mais Cedo e mais do trabalho publicado (Veja O Efeito do Acesso Livre) (em Inglês).
Esta revista é a "política de acesso aberto" de Boai (1), apoiando os direitos dos usuários de "ler, baixar, copiar, distribuir, imprimir, pesquisar, ou link para os textos completos dos artigos". (1) http://legacy.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/boaifaq.htm#openaccess
