Impacto da aula de Educação Física em escolares com diagnóstico de Transtornos do Espectro do Autismo em uma Escola Especial no Chile
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v52.102286Palavras-chave:
Educación física, Desarrollo motor, Estado nutricional, Educación especial, AutismoResumo
Em crianças diagnosticadas com Transtornos do Espectro Autista (TEA), a prática de atividade física no contexto escolar (aulas de educação física) é uma estratégia viável para melhorar a aptidão física e as habilidades motoras, combater o sobrepeso e a obesidade e reduzir comportamentos inadequados. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar o impacto de uma intervenção multimodal de 12 semanas na aula de Educação Física no desempenho motor e no estado nutricional de alunos de uma Escola Especial de Copiapó. A pesquisa corresponde a uma abordagem quantitativa, com desenho quase experimental sem grupo de controle. Participaram 12 estudantes com diagnóstico de TEA (9 homens e 3 mulheres), cuja idade era 12,91±1,12 anos. Os escolares participaram de um programa multimodal com frequência de duas sessões semanais. Foram utilizados teste de caminhada de 6 minutos, salto horizontal sem impulso, teste MABC-2, força de preensão manual, peso, altura e Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC). De acordo com os resultados, não é possível modificar o estado nutricional dos alunos, são alcançadas melhorias significativas na pontuação da escala geral da Bateria MABC-2; teste de salto horizontal sem corrida e teste de caminhada de 6 minutos. Conclui-se que uma intervenção multimodal de 12 semanas na aula de educação física de um estabelecimento de educação especial não conseguiu reduzir os níveis de desnutrição por excesso; no entanto, foram alcançados efeitos relevantes na aptidão física, sendo um tipo de intervenção com grandes possibilidades de ser replicados em contextos semelhantes.
Palavras-chave: Educação Física; desenvolvimento motor; Condição nutricional; Educação especial; Autismo
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- Autores mantém os direitos autorais e assegurar a revista o direito de ser a primeira publicação da obra como licenciado sob a Licença Creative Commons Attribution que permite que outros para compartilhar o trabalho com o crédito de autoria do trabalho e publicação inicial nesta revista.
- Os autores podem estabelecer acordos adicionais separados para a distribuição não-exclusiva da versão do trabalho publicado na revista (por exemplo, a um repositório institucional, ou publicá-lo em um livro), com reconhecimento de autoria e publicação inicial nesta revista.
- É permitido e os autores são incentivados a divulgar o seu trabalho por via electrónica (por exemplo, em repositórios institucionais ou no seu próprio site), antes e durante o processo de envio, pois pode gerar alterações produtivas, bem como a uma intimação mais Cedo e mais do trabalho publicado (Veja O Efeito do Acesso Livre) (em Inglês).
Esta revista é a "política de acesso aberto" de Boai (1), apoiando os direitos dos usuários de "ler, baixar, copiar, distribuir, imprimir, pesquisar, ou link para os textos completos dos artigos". (1) http://legacy.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/boaifaq.htm#openaccess