Gender comparative study on bullying: strategies and actions

Authors

  • Alba Bonet Morro
  • Mario Alguacil Jiménez Universidad de Valencia
  • Paloma Escamilla-Fajardo
  • Carlos Pérez-Campos
  • Sergio Aguado

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v44i0.88111

Keywords:

Bullying, Secondary education, School bullying, Strategies, Gender

Abstract

Bullying continues to be one of the most important problems occurring in the educational environment of developed countries. It is still a challenge to know in detail the most important aspects for its prevention and treatment. To contribute to this objective, the present study aims to provide information on bullying and its action in these situations among students, both on their own perception of bullying situations, as well as their attitude towards such actions on other classmates. In this sense, a comparative study was carried out to find out if there are differences in these actions according to gender. For this purpose, 592 Spanish male and female students were analysed using an instrument previously validated by the literature. According to the results obtained, there are significant differences between boys and girls in some of the questions analysed on bullying in class, which allows us to know more about the phenomenon of bullying. Finally, practical implications and strategies for possible intervention and treatment in the school environment have been presented.

References

Alonso, N. J. M. L., Gómez, R. L., Córcoles, M. Á. A., Sáiz, J. C. B., & García, G. G. J. (2017). Acoso Escolar: Desde la sensibilización social a una propuesta de intervención. Reflexiones desde la legislación española. Letras Jurídicas, 4(4), 1-16.

Bailey, R. (2006). Physical education and sport in schools: A review of benefits and outcomes. Journal of School Health, 76(8), 397–401. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1746-1561.2006.00132.x

Ballesteros, R. (2018). Mapa del acoso escolar: España supera por primera vez las mil víctimas en un año. El Confidencial. Recuperado en 13 de junio de 2019, de: https://www.elconfidencial.com/espana/2018-10-18/mapa-acoso-escolar-espana-mil-victimas-ano_1631192/

Bascón-Seda, A. & Ramírez-Macías, G. (2020). Víctimas de bullying: aportaciones para identificar casos de acoso en Educación Física dentro de la Educación Secundaria Obligatoria. Cultura, Ciencia y Deporte, 15(43), 109-119.

Bejerot, S., Plenty, S., Humble, A., & Humble, M. B. (2013). Poor motor skills: A risk marker for bully victimization. Aggressive Behavior, 39(6), 453–461. https://doi.org/10.1002/ab.21489

Brandão Neto, W., Silva, C. O. da, Amorim, R. R. T. do, Aquino, J. M. de, Almeida Filho, A. J. de, Gomes, B. da M. R., & Monteiro, E. M. L. M. (2020). Formation of protagonist adolescents to prevent bullying in school contexts. Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem, 73(1), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2019-0418

Castañeda-Vázquez, C., Moreno-Arrebola, R., González-Valero, G., Viciana-Garófano, V., & Zurita-Ortega, F. (2020). posibles relaciones entre el bullying y la actividad física: una revisión sistemática. Journal of Sport & Health Research, 12(1).

Cerezo-Ramírez, F. (2012). Bullying a través de las TIC. Boletín Científico Sapiens Research, 2(2), 24–29.

Fernández, I., & Ortega, R. (1999). Cuestionario sobre abusos entre compañeros. Prevención de La Violencia y Resolución de Conflictos. El Clima Escolar Como Factor de Calidad, 210–219.

Fernández, M. J. M., & Vivar, D. M. (2017). La escuela inclusiva ante el acoso escolar Estrategias de prevención para el profesorado. Revista de Educación Inclusiva, 3(3), 123-133.

Fialho, N., & Bakshi, A. J. (2016). Understanding school bullying: its nature and prevention strategies. British Journal of Guidance & Counselling, 44(2), 246-248, DOI: 10.1080/03069885.2015.1070635

Gaffney, H., Farrington, D. P., & Ttofi, M. M. (2019). Examining the effectiveness of school-bullying intervention programs globally: a meta-analysis. International Journal of Bullying Prevention, 1(1), 14–31. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42380-019-0007-4

Garandeau, C. F., Laninga-Wijnen, L., & Salmivalli, C. (2021). Effects of the Kiva anti-bullying program on affective and cognitive empathy in children and adolescents. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1080/15374416.2020.1846541

Gómez, J. M. R. (2009). Acoso escolar-Medidas de prevención y actuación. Educação, 32(1), 51-58.

Goodwin, J., Bradley, S. K., Donohoe, P., Queen, K., O’Shea, M., & Horgan, A. (2019). Bullying in schools: an evaluation of the use of drama in bullying prevention. Journal of Creativity in Mental Health, 14(3), 329–342. https://doi.org/10.1080/15401383.2019.1623147

Green, V. A., Woods, L., Wegerhoff, D., Harcourt, S., & Tannahill, S. (2020). An evaluation of the KiVa anti-bullying program in New Zealand. International Journal of Bullying Prevention, 2(3), 225–237. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42380-019-00034-6

Izquierdo, A. J. C. (2017). Perfil del acoso escolar en institutos de enseñanza secundaria de zonas rurales y urbanas en Andalucía. Revista de Derecho, Empresa y Sociedad (REDS), 10, 159–171.

Jiménez-Barbero, J. A., Jiménez-Loaisa, A., González-Cutre, D., Beltrán-Carrillo, V. J., Llor-Zaragoza, L., & Ruiz-Hernández, J. A. (2020). Physical education and school bullying: a systematic review. Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy, 25(1), 79–100. https://doi.org/10.1080/17408989.2019.1688775

Knauf, R.-K., Eschenbeck, H., & Hock, M. (2018). Bystanders of bullying: Social-cognitive and affective reactions to school bullying and cyberbullying. Cyberpsychology: Journal of Psychosocial Research on Cyberspace, 12(4), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.5817/CP2018-4-3

Larrain, E., & Garaigordobil, M. (2020). El bullying en el País Vasco: prevalencia y diferencias en función del sexo y la orientación sexual. Clínica y Salud, 31(3), 147–153. https://dx.doi.org/10.5093/clysa2020a19

Limber, S. P., Olweus, D., Wang, W., Masiello, M., & Breivik, K. (2018). Evaluation of the Olweus Bullying Prevention Program: A large scale study of US students in grades 3–11. Journal of School Psychology, 69, 56–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsp.2018.04.004

Marracho, P., de Castro, E. M. R. T., da Graça Nery, M. V., & Pereira, A. M. A. (2021). Comportamentos de bullying em jovens praticantes de desporto (Bullying behaviours in young athletes). Retos, 42, 861-871

Martínez-Baena, A., & Faus-Boscá, J. (2018). Acoso escolar y Educación Física: una revisión sistemática. Retos, 34, 338–345.

Martínez-Baena, A., & Faus-Boscá, J. (2018). Acoso escolar y Educación Física: una revisión sistemática. Retos, 34, 338-345.

Menéndez Santurio, J. I., & Fernández Río, F. J. (2018). Actitudes hacia la violencia y papel importante del alumnado en el aula de educación física. Revista complutense de educación, 29(4), 1293-1208.

Navarrete-Galiano, R. (2009). Los medios de comunicación y la concienciación social en España frente al acoso escolar. Estudios Sobre El Mensaje Periodístico, 15, 335-345. http://hdl.handle.net/11441/29258

Norrington, J. (2020). Adolescent peer victimization, self-concept, and psychological distress in emerging adulthood. Youth & Society, 53(2), 273-295. https://doi.org/10.1177/0044118X20910938

Olweus, D. (1998). Conductas de acoso y amenaza entre escolares. Ediciones Morata, Madrid, España.

Prieto, A., Hernández, J. J., & Enríquez, E. G. (2018). La formación de valores desde la clase de educación física. PODIUM: Revista de Ciencia y Tecnología En La Cultura Física, 13(1), 74–87.

Rawlings, V. (2019). ‘It’s not bullying’,‘It’s just a joke’: Teacher and student discursive manoeuvres around gendered violence. British Educational Research Journal, 45(4), 698–716. https://doi.org/10.1002/berj.3521

Romero-Reignier, V., Prado, V., & Soto-Rubio, A. (2016). La influencia del bullying en la autoestima de los adolescentes. Calidad de Vida y Salud, 9(1), 2-12.

Salmivalli, C. (2001). Peer-led intervention campaign against school bullying: who considered it useful, who benefited? Educational Research, 43(3), 263–278. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131880110081035

Salmivalli, C., Kaukiainen, A., & Voeten, M. (2005). Anti-bullying intervention: Implementation and outcome. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 75(3), 465–487. https://doi.org/10.1348/000709905X26011

Shephard, B., Ordóñez, M., & Oleas, C. M. (2015). Estudio descriptivo: programa de prevención y disminución del acoso escolar–“bullying”. Fase diagnóstica: prevalencia. Revista Médica HJCA, 7(2), 155–161. http://dx.doi:10.14410/2015.7.2.ao.30.

Shiakou, M., Stella, H., & Georgia, Y. (2019). Understanding bullying through the eyes of children. International Journal on School Climate and Violence Prevention, 3(1), 157–170.

Simões, H., Santos, P. M., Pereira, B., & Figueiredo, A. (2021). As Artes Marciais e os Desportos de Combate e o Bullying: uma revisão sistemática Martial Arts and Combat Sports and the Bullying: a systematic review. (Las artes marciales y deportes de combate y el acoso escolar: una revisión sistemática). Retos, 39, 835–843.

Toscano, J. A., Álvarez, E., Rambal, L., Vargas, L., Ávila-Toscano, J. H., Fontalvo, E. Á., Rambal-Rivaldo, L. I., & Vargas-Delgado, L. (2020). Importancia de los estilos de socialización parental en los roles del acoso entre pares. Interdisciplinaria. Revista de Psicología y Ciencias Afines, 38(1), 203–216. https://doi.org/10.16888/interd.2021.38.1.13

Ttofi, M., & Farrington, D. (2009). What works in preventing bullying: Effective elements of anti-bullying programmes. Journal of Aggression, Conflict and Peace Research, 1(1), 13-24. https://doi.org/10.1108/17596599200900003

Vega-Osés, A., & Peñalva-Vélez, A. (2018). Los protocolos de actuación ante el acoso escolar y el ciberacoso en España: un estudio por comunidades autónomas. International Journal of New Education, 1(1), 1-26. DOI: 10.24310/IJNE1.1.2018.4971

Vélez, S. C., & Fernández, J. A. Á. (2018). El maltrato escolar en centros de educación primaria en la provincia de Huelva (España). Psicodebate. Psicología, Cultura y Sociedad, 18(1), 51–71.

Voors, W. (2005). Bullying, el acoso escolar: el libro que todos los padres deben conocer (Vol. 65), Oniro.

Wachs, S., Bilz, L., Niproschke, S., & Schubarth, W. (2019). Bullying intervention in schools: A multilevel analysis of teachers’ success in handling bullying from the students’ perspective. The Journal of Early Adolescence, 39(5), 642–668. https://doi.org/10.1177/0272431618780423

Zambuto, V., Palladino, B. E., Nocentini, A., & Menesini, E. (2020). Voluntary vs nominated peer educators: A randomized trial within the NoTrap! Anti-Bullying Program. Prevention Science, 21(5), 639–649.

Published

2022-04-01

How to Cite

Bonet Morro, A., Alguacil Jiménez, M., Escamilla-Fajardo, P., Pérez-Campos, C., & Aguado, S. (2022). Gender comparative study on bullying: strategies and actions. Retos, 44, 45–52. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v44i0.88111

Issue

Section

Original Research Article

Most read articles by the same author(s)