Evaluación de una intervención educativa en las clases de Educación Física para mejorar el Conocimiento sobre el Sueño (Evaluation of an educational intervention in Physical Education classes to improve Sleep Knowledge)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v52.101766Palabras clave:
Conocimiento del sueño, Adolescente, Educación Física, SueñoResumen
La educación en sueño resulta indispensable para los adolescentes de Bachillerato. La baja puntuación en la Sleep Beliefs Scale (SBS = 11,81) por parte de la muestra de 91 estudiantes españoles de 16,31 años (DE = 0,51), pertenecientes a dos institutos de educación secundaria de la provincia de Cuenca (España), ratifica su desconocimiento en esta rama de la salud. Ante la escasez de iniciativas educativas en este ámbito y la necesidad de atender y tratar el sueño en esta población, el objetivo principal del estudio es investigar la efectividad de un proyecto saludable integral dirigido al conocimiento del sueño a través de las clases de Educación Física (EF). Utilizando cuatro sesiones de EF, mediante una metodología activa centrada en el ejercicio físico y basada en la resolución de supuestos prácticos aplicables a la vida real, se hallaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas (p < 0,05) en la mejora del conocimiento del sueño al comparar el desempeño en la SBS del grupo experimental (pre = 11,95 vs post = 15,83) respecto al grupo control (pre = 11,67 vs post = 12,30) tras dos semanas de intervención. Con un incremento de un 19,5% en la evolución positiva de las respuestas sobre la escala en el grupo experimental, este tipo de programas resultan exitosos y factibles de incorporar a los planes de estudios.
Palabras clave: Conocimiento del sueño, Adolescente, Educación Física, Intervención, Sueño
Abstract. Sleep education is essential for adolescents in high school. The low score on the Sleep Beliefs Scale (SBS = 11.81) by the sample of 91 students aged 16,31 years (SD = 0.51), belonging to two secondary schools in the province of Cuenca (Spain), confirms their lack of knowledge in this area of health. Due to a shortage of initiatives in this field and the need to address and treat sleep in this population, the main objective of the study is to investigate the effectiveness of a comprehensive health project aimed at sleep knowledge through Physical Education (PE) classes. Through four sessions of PE, using an active methodology centred on physical exercise and based on the resolution of practical situations applicable to real life, statistically significant differences were found (p < 0.05) in the improvement of sleep knowledge when comparing the performance in the SBS of the experimental group (pre = 11.95 vs post = 15.83) against the control group (pre = 11.67 vs post = 12.30), after a two-week intervention. With a 19.5% increase in the positive evolution of scale responses in the experimental group, such programmes are successful and feasible to incorporate into curricula.
Keywords: Sleep knowledge, Adolescent, Physical Education, Intervention, Sleep
Citas
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