Effect of two training schedules with different distribution of intensity (polarized vs threshold) in the aerobic performance in trained cyclists
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i39.80432Keywords:
aerobic performance, intensity, training, functional threshold, intensity distributionAbstract
Abstract Currently there are two most used training models that condition the work methodology in endurance athletes: Threshold Training (UMB) and polarized training (POL). The objective of the present study was to compare the effect of both programs on the aerobic performance of trained cyclists. The research included 18 athletes who were randomly distributed in the BMU group (n= 9; age 38 ± 7 years; height 171.8 ± 6.9 cm; body weight 74.10 ± 10.94) and the POL group (n= 9; age 31.4 ± 12.2 years; height 167.5 ± 6.7 cm; weight 63.88 ± 5.37) who completed 4 weeks of training. Both methodologies were executed under similar characteristics in terms of total training time (BMU; 1085 min / wk; POL; 1024 min/wk) but with different intensity distribution (BMU= 70% in zone 1; 30% in zone 2; 0% in zone 3; POL= 88% in zone 1; 0% in zone 2; 12% in zone 3). Body weight (kg) and functional threshold power (PUF) were measured before and after each programming. Only group with POL load reduced their body weight after the program (POL= -1.38%; p = 0.003). Also, group POL improved their PUF (5.48%; p= 0.012) and by default the watt values per kilogram of weight (V/kg) they were increased (7.17%; p= 0.015). Compared to UMB intensity distribution, 4 weeks of POL training improves aerobic performance in trained cyclists.
References
Allen, H., Coggan, A. R., & McGregor, S. (2019). Training and racing with a power meter. VeloPress.
Clemente-Suárez, V. J., Delgado-Moreno, R., González, B., Ortega, J., & Ramos-Campo, D. J. (2018). Amateur endurance triathletes’ performance is improved independently of volume or intensity-based training. Physiology & behavior.
Clemente Suarez, V. J., & González-Ravé, J. M. (2014). Four weeks of training with different aerobic workload distributions–Effect on aerobic performance. European journal of sport science, 14(sup1), S1-S7.
Cohen J. (1992). A power primer. Psychol Bull, 112:155–159.
Esteve-Lanao, J., Foster, C., Seiler, S., & Lucia, A. (2007). Impact of training intensity distribution on performance in endurance athletes. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 21(3), 943-949.
Evertsen, F., Medbø, J. I., & Bonen, A. (2001). Effect of training intensity on muscle lactate transporters and lactate threshold of cross‐country skiers. Acta Physiologica Scandinavica, 173(2), 195-205.
Laursen, P. B., & Jenkins, D. G. (2002). The scientific basis for high-intensity interval training. Sports medicine, 32(1), 53-73.
Londeree, B. R. (1997). Effect of training on lactate/ventilatory thresholds: a meta-analysis.
Lucía, A., Hoyos, J., Pardo, J., & Chicharro, J. L. (2000). Metabolic and neuromuscular adaptations to endurance training in professional cyclists: a longitudinal study. The Japanese journal of physiology, 50(3), 381-388.
Mann, T. N., Webster, C., Lamberts, R. P., & Lambert, M. I. (2014). Effect of exercise intensity on post-exercise oxygen consumption and heart rate recovery. European journal of applied physiology, 114(9), 1809-1820.
Manunzio, C., Mester, J., Kaiser, W., & Wahl, P. (2016). Training intensity distribution and changes in performance and physiology of a 2nd place finisher team of the race across America over a 6 month preparation period. Frontiers in physiology, 7, 642.
Midgley, A. W., McNaughton, L. R., & Wilkinson, M. (2006). Is there an optimal training intensity for enhancing the maximal oxygen uptake of distance runners? Sports Medicine, 36(2), 117-132.
Muñoz, I., Seiler, S., Bautista, J., España, J., Larumbe, E., & Esteve-Lanao, J. (2014). Does polarized training improve performance in recreational runners? International journal of sports physiology and performance, 9(2), 265-272.
Myakinchenko, E. B., Kriuchkov, A. S., Adodin, N. V., Dikunets, M. A., & Shestakov, M. P. (2020). One-year periodization of training loads of Russian and Norwegian elite cross-country skiers.
Neal, C. M., Hunter, A. M., Brennan, L., O'Sullivan, A., Hamilton, D. L., DeVito, G., & Galloway, S. D. (2012). Six weeks of a polarized training-intensity distribution leads to greater physiological and performance adaptations than a threshold model in trained cyclists. Journal of applied physiology, 114(4), 461-471
Nimmerichter, A., Williams, C., Bachl, N., & Eston, R. (2010). Evaluation of a field test to assess performance in elite cyclists. International journal of sports medicine, 31(03), 160-166.
Pérez, A., Ramos-Campo, D. J., Freitas, T. T., Rubio-Arias, J. Á., Marín-Cascales, E., & Alcaraz, P. E. (2018). Effect of two different intensity distribution training programmes on aerobic and body composition variables in ultra-endurance runners. European journal of sport science, 1-9.
Ravé, J. G., Valdivielso, F. N., & Gaspar, P. M. P. (2007). La planificación del entrenamiento deportivo: cambios vinculados a las nuevas formas de entender las estructuras deportivas contemporáneas. Conexões, 5(1), 1-22.
Rodriguez, E. F., Ramos, O. R., Marbán, R. M., & del Palacio, A. C. (2019). Umbral Anaeróbico: problemas conceptuales y aplicaciones prácticas en deportes de resistencia. Retos: nuevas tendencias en educación física, deporte y recreación, (36), 521-528.
Scharhag‐Rosenberger, F., Walitzek, S., Kindermann, W., & Meyer, T. (2012). Differences in adaptations to 1 year of aerobic endurance training: individual patterns of nonresponse. Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports, 22(1), 113-118.
SCHUMACHER, Y. O., & MUELLER, P. (2002). The 4000-m team pursuit cycling world record: theoretical and practical aspects. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 34(6), 1029-1036.
Seiler, K. S., & Kjerland, G. Ø. (2006). Quantifying training intensity distribution in elite endurance athletes: is there evidence for an “optimal” distribution? Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports, 16(1), 49-56.
Seiler, S. (2010). What is best practice for training intensity and duration distribution in endurance athletes? International journal of sports physiology and performance, 5(3), 276-291.
Stöggl, T. L., & Sperlich, B. (2015). The training intensity distribution among well-trained and elite endurance athletes. Frontiers in physiology, 6, 295.
Stöggl, T., & Sperlich, B. (2014). Polarized training has greater impact on key endurance variables than threshold, high intensity, or high-volume training. Frontiers in physiology, 5, 33.
Treff, G., Winkert, K., Sareban, M., Steinacker, J. M., & Sperlich, B. (2019). The Polarization-Index: A Simple Calculation to Distinguish Polarized from Non-Polarized Training Intensity Distributions. Frontiers in physiology, 10, 707.
Treff, G., Winkert, K., Sareban, M., Steinacker, J. M., Becker, M., & Sperlich, B. (2017). Eleven-week preparation involving polarized intensity distribution is not superior to pyramidal distribution in national elite rowers. Frontiers in physiology, 8, 515.
Wolpern, A. E., Burgos, D. J., Janot, J. M., & Dalleck, L. C. (2015). Is a threshold-based model a superior method to the relative percent concept for establishing individual exercise intensity? a randomized controlled trial. BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation, 7(1), 16.
World Medical Association. (2013). World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki: ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects. JAMA, 310(20):2191-2194.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2020 Tomas Ignacio Rivera-Kofler, Juan Zavala-Crichton, Jorge Olivares-Arancibia, Rodrigo Yáñez-Sepúlveda
![Creative Commons License](http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-nc-nd/4.0/88x31.png)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and ensure the magazine the right to be the first publication of the work as licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of authorship of the work and the initial publication in this magazine.
- Authors can establish separate additional agreements for non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in the journal (eg, to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Is allowed and authors are encouraged to disseminate their work electronically (eg, in institutional repositories or on their own website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as to a subpoena more Early and more of published work (See The Effect of Open Access) (in English).
This journal provides immediate open access to its content (BOAI, http://legacy.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/boaifaq.htm#openaccess) on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge. The authors may download the papers from the journal website, or will be provided with the PDF version of the article via e-mail.