Balance de estrés-recuperación en jugadores universitarios de voleibol durante una temporada (Recovery-stress balance throughout a season in volleyball university players)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i30.50244Keywords:
Deporte, voleibol, RESTQ-Sport, estrés físico, estrés psicosocial, (Sport, volleyball, physical stress, psychosocial stress)Sport, psychosocial stress)Abstract
Mantener un balance adecuado entre las demandas físicas y psicosociales de estrés a las que un atleta es sometido, con la capacidad y los recursos de recuperación con que éste cuenta es un objetivo primordial en la planificación del entrenamiento deportivo; por lo que dar seguimiento al balance de estrés-recuperación resulta fundamental para alcanzar los objetivos de rendimiento deportivo establecidos por los deportistas y entrenadores. El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar el comportamiento psicológico del balance de estrés-recuperación en voleibolistas universitarios durante el periodo de preparación física para la Universiada Nacional de México 2015. Fueron evaluados 12 voleibolistas (edad 20.75 ±1.94; años de experiencia 9.5 ±3.76) con experiencia nacional e internacional. Se utilizó la versión española del RESTQ-Sport en tres diferentes momentos. Se obtuvieron las medias y se realizó un análisis de comparación de medias a través de la prueba no paramétrica de Friedman y pruebas post-hoc de rangos con signo de Wilcoxon de las dimensiones y escalas del RESTQ-Sport. Los resultados reflejan diferencias significativas (p < .05) en la escala de “estrés general” entre la toma dos y la inicial. Los niveles de la dimensión de estrés general del RESTQ-Sport presentan un incremento en la toma dos con respecto a la inicial y asimismo una disminución en los niveles de recuperación en el deporte entre esas mismas tomas. De acuerdo con los resultados es importante monitorizar el balance estrés-recuperación en este grupo de jugadores de voleibol para prevenir un balance negativo y detectar posibles síntomas de sobreentrenamiento.
Abstract. Maintaining an appropriate balance between athletes’ physical and psychosocial demands of stress by using their ability and recovery resources is a major objective in sports training planning; therefore, monitoring recovery-stress balance is essential in order to achieve performance objectives established by athletes and coaches. The aim of the present study was to analyze recovery-stress balance psychological response in university volleyball players during their physical preparation period for the 2015 Mexican National University Olympics. 12 volleyball players (age = 20.75 ±1.94; years of experience = 9.5 ±3.76) with national and international experience were evaluated. The Spanish version of RESTQ-Sport was applied in three different moments. Mean scores and comparisons analyses of RESTQ-Sport dimensions and scales were calculated using nonparametric Friedman and post-hoc Wilcoxon tests. Results showed significant differences in “general stress” scale between second and initial test (p < .05). Outcomes for “Levels of general stress” dimension indicated an increase in the second test compared to the initial test. Furthermore, a decrease of sport recovery levels from initial to second test was evidenced. Based on our results, we suggest that monitoring recovery-stress balance in this group of volleyball players is key to prevent a negative balance and to identify early symptoms of overtraining syndrome.
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