Análisis bibliométrico del deporte 4.0: una realidad para el desarrollo de la cultura deportiva contemporánea (Bibliometric analysis of sport 4.0: a reality for the development of contemporary sports culture)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v48.96948Palabras clave:
Deporte 4.0, Big data, Internet de las cosas, inteligencia artificial, análisis bibliométrico, cultura deportiva contemporáneaResumen
El artículo aborda la tendencia del deporte 4.0 desde una perspectiva bibliométrica. Este tipo de deporte emergente en la cultura deportiva contemporánea utiliza tecnologías de la información y la comunicación para mejorar la experiencia deportiva de los atletas, entrenadores, aficionados y otros actores del deporte. El objetivo fue analizar las características, tecnologías y diseños con líneas de innovación en el deporte 4.0 desde las revisiones bibliográficas y su implementación práctica. Los resultados destacan la importancia de Big Data, Internet de las cosas e Inteligencia artificial aplicados al deporte 4.0. Se realizó una revisión sistemática de literatura en la base de datos Scopus, examinando 585 artículos publicados desde enero de 2012 a junio de 2022. La etapa de implementación de un evento de deporte 4.0 con estudiantes del semillero de investigación Administración y gestión deportiva se basó en la estrategia pedagógica de investigación formativa, iniciativa que permitió aplicar los conocimientos adquiridos en el aula de clases en un entorno real y práctico. Requirió de un proceso cuidadoso y planificado por parte de los investigadores principales, quienes se aseguraron de involucrar a todos los actores relevantes, tanto estudiantes como profesores. La muestra estuvo constituida por 24 estudiantes en el rol de atletas divididos en 12 equipos, 12 estudiantes en el rol de Staff (comisión organizadora) y 100 estudiantes en el rol de espectadores. Se concluye que esta tendencia aborda la complejidad de la cultura deportiva contemporánea con un enfoque holístico e interdisciplinario, lo que conlleva a cambios en las buenas prácticas deportivas.
Palabras clave: Deporte 4.0, Big data, Internet de las cosas, inteligencia artificial, análisis bibliométrico, cultura deportiva contemporánea.
Abstract. The article addresses the sport 4.0 trend from a bibliometric perspective. This type of sport emerging in contemporary sports culture uses information and communication technologies to enhance the sporting experience for athletes, coaches, fans, and other stakeholders in the sport. The objective was to analyze the characteristics, technologies and designs with lines of innovation in sport 4.0 from the bibliographic reviews and their practical implementation. The results highlight the importance of Big Data, the Internet of Things and Artificial Intelligence applied to sport 4.0. A systematic literature review was carried out in the Scopus database, examining 585 articles published from January 2012 to June 2022. The implementation stage of a sport 4.0 event with students from the Sports Administration and Management research hotbed was based on the pedagogical strategy of formative research, an initiative that allowed applying the knowledge acquired in the classroom in a real and practical environment. It required a careful and planned process on the part of the principal investigators, who made sure to involve all relevant stakeholders, both students and teachers. The sample consisted of 24 students in the role of athletes divided into 12 teams, 12 students in the role of Staff (organizing committee) and 100 students in the role of spectators. It is concluded that this trend addresses the complexity of contemporary sports culture with a holistic and interdisciplinary approach, which leads to changes in good sports practices.
Keywords: Sport 4.0, Big data, artificial intelligence, contemporary sports culture, bibliometric analysis, Internet of things.
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