Fatiga oncológica en pacientes oncológicos con diferentes niveles de actividad física (Oncological fatigue in cancer patients of different levels of physical activity)

Autores/as

  • Jani Cleria Pereira Bezerra Centro Universitário do Rio de Janeiro
  • Rodrigo Gomes de Souza Vale Universidade Estácio de Sá, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil; Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro – UERJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3049-8773
  • Paula Paraguassú Brandão Universidade Estácio de Sá, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil; Centro Universitário Celso Lisboa, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1051-8703
  • Carlos Soares Pernambuco Universidade Estácio de Sá, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2915-6669
  • Estélio Henrique Martin Dantas Programa de Pós-graduação Stricto Sensu em Enfermagem e Biociências – PPgEnfBio, da Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro – UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil; Programa de Pós-graduação Stricto Sensu em Saúde e Ambiente – PSA, da Universidade Tiradentes – UNIT, Aracaju, Brasil http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0981-8020

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v45i0.92484

Palabras clave:

Aptitud Física, Fatiga, Neoplasia, Calidad de vida, (Physical Fitness, Fatigue, Neoplasm, Quality of Life)

Resumen

El objetivo fue correlacionar el Síndrome de Fatiga Oncológica (SFO) en pacientes oncológicos con diferentes niveles de condición física. Estudio descriptivo correlativo, utilizando la técnica de aleatoriedad estratificada, lo cual evaluó 99 pacientes (GF=54 [50,7±7,5 años] y GM=45 [53,7±5,0]), con cáncer de mama o cáncer de próstata. Evaluar: actividad física (Cuestionario de Baecke); SFO (Escala de Evaluación Funcional para la Terapia del Cáncer-Fatiga -FACT-F); composición corporal (medidas antropométricas); resistencia cardiorrespiratoria (prueba de marcha de 6 minutos, en cinta caminadora); resistencia musculoesquelética (abdominal (Abd), flexión de codo (FlexCod), Sentarse-Levantarse  (SentLev)); fuerza musculoesquelética (dinamometría - Miembros Superiores (MMSS), Miembros Inferiores (MMII); Tronco (Tron)); Flexibilidad (goniometría – Abducción de Hombro (AbdHomb), Extensión de Hombro (ExtHOmb), Flexión de Hombro (FlexHomb), Rotación interna (RotInt), Rotación externa (RotExt); Flexión de rodilla (FlexRot); Flexión de tronco (FlexTron); Abducción coxofemoral (AbdCox) )). La comparación entre sexos reveló una diferencia significativa en: Relación cintura-cadera (∆%=-7,37%, p=0,001); porcentaje de grasa (∆%=-33,96%, p=0,046); MMSS (∆%=380,83%, p=0,001); LL (∆%=456,83%, p=0,001); Tron (∆%=547,59%, p=0,001); RotExt (∆%=-9,07%, p=0,001); AbdCox (∆%=-5,3%, p=0,003); Índice Deporte (∆%=67,68%, p=0,02); Índice de Ocio (∆%=37,13%, p=0,003); Índice de Actividad Física (∆%=25,5%, p=0,003). Hubo correlación entre SFO y Porcentaje de Grasa (r=0,00; p=0,003); Abd (r=0,00; p=0,018); FlexCot (r=0,00; p=0,027); SentLev (r=0,00; p=0,030); SSMM (r=0,00; p=0,015); LL (r=0,00; p=0,013); Tron (r=0,00; p=0,047); Abdomb (r=0,00; p=0,019); FlexTron (r=0,00; p=0,001); FlexJoe (p=0,033). Se concluye que la puesta en práctica del ejercicio físico como tratamiento adyuvante, no farmacológico, es capaz de mejorar el condicionamiento físico, atenuando los efectos nocivos sobre la salud, ocasionados por el síndrome de fatiga oncológica, mejorando la calidad de vida.

Abstract. The objective was to correlate Oncologic Fatigue Syndrome (OFS) in cancer patients with different levels of physical fitness. Descriptive correlative study, using the stratified randomization technique, which evaluated 99 patients (GF=54 [50.7±7.5 years] and GM=45 [53.7±5.0]) with breast cancer or prostate cancer. To assess: physical activity (Baecke Questionnaire); OFS (Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Fatigue Scale -FACT-F); body composition (anthropometric measurements); cardiorespiratory endurance (6-minute walk test on a treadmill); musculoskeletal endurance (Abdominal (Abd), Elbow Flexion (ElbFlex), Sit-Stand (SitStand)); musculoskeletal strength (dynamometry - Upper limbs (UpLim), Lower limbs (LowLim); Trunk (Trun)); flexibility (goniometry - Shoulder Abduction (ShoAbd), Shoulder Extension (ShoExt), Shoulder Flexion (ShoFlex), Internal Rotation (IntRot), External Rotation (ExtRot); Knee Flexion (KneFlex); Trunk Flexion (TrunFlex); Hip Abduction (HipAbd)). Comparison between sexes revealed a significant difference in: waist-hip ratio (∆%=-7.37%, p=0.001); Fat Percentage (∆%=-33.96%, p=0.046); UpLim (∆%=380.83%, p=0.001); LowLim (∆%=456.83%, p=0.001); Trun (∆%=547.59%, p=0.001); ExtRot (∆%=-9.07%, p=0.001); HipAbd (∆%=-5.3%, p=0.003); Sport Index (∆%=67.68%, p=0.02); Leisure Index (∆%=37.13%, p=0.003); Physical Activity Index (∆%=25.5%, p=0.003). There was a correlation between SFO and Fat Percentage (r=0.00; p=0.003); Abd (r=0.00; p=0.018); ElbFlex (r=0.00; p=0.027); SitLif (r=0.00; p=0.030); UpLim (r=0.00; p=0.015); LowLim (r=0.00; p=0.013); Trun (r=0.00; p=0.047); ShoAbd (r=0.00; p=0.019); TrunFlex (r=0.00; p=0.001); KneFlex (p=0.033). It is concluded that the application of physical exercise as an adjuvant, non-pharmacological treatment can improve physical fitness, attenuating the harmful effects on health caused by cancer fatigue syndrome, improving quality of life.

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Publicado

2022-06-21

Cómo citar

Bezerra, J. C. P., Vale, R. G. de S., Brandão, P. P., Pernambuco, C. S., & Dantas, E. H. M. (2022). Fatiga oncológica en pacientes oncológicos con diferentes niveles de actividad física (Oncological fatigue in cancer patients of different levels of physical activity). Retos, 45, 422–431. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v45i0.92484

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Artículos de carácter científico: trabajos de investigaciones básicas y/o aplicadas

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