Niveles de actividad física entre los estudiantes de la Universidad de Malasia y la Universidad Estatal de Medan: disparidad de género e influencia del IMC (Physical activity levels among Malaysian University and State University of Medan Students: gender difference and the influence of BMI)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v60.109190Palabras clave:
Physical Activity, University Students, Gender Disparities, BMI Effects, EducationResumen
Resumen. La disminución de la actividad física ha repercutido negativamente en la salud física, siendo los estudiantes universitarios los más afectados. Este estudio examina el género y el Índice de Masa Corporal (IMC) en los niveles de actividad física entre los estudiantes universitarios de Malasia y la Universidad Estatal de Medan. En la investigación participaron 130 estudiantes de universidades de educación de Malasia y de la Universitas Negeri Medan, utilizando el Cuestionario de Actividad Física para Adolescentes (PAQ-A) para la recogida de datos. Los resultados de este estudio indicaron que existían diferencias significativas en los niveles de actividad física en función del género entre los estudiantes universitarios, donde los estudiantes varones mostraron niveles de actividad física significativamente más altos que las estudiantes mujeres (Sig. = 0,001 y η² = 0,082). Por lo tanto, es importante que las universidades tengan en cuenta estos factores a la hora de diseñar programas de salud y bienestar, especialmente para aumentar la participación de las estudiantes en la actividad física. No obstante, los resultados de las pruebas estadísticas también mostraron que no había diferencias significativas en los niveles de actividad física entre las diferentes categorías de Índice de Masa Corporal (IMC), lo que indica que el IMC no afecta significativamente a los niveles de actividad física de los estudiantes universitarios (Sig. = 0,310). Las implicaciones de estos resultados sugieren una necesidad urgente de intervenciones sanitarias adaptadas en entornos universitarios, en particular en la Universidad Estatal de Medan. Al centrarse en proporcionar instalaciones deportivas accesibles, organizar clases de fitness y promover opciones de transporte activo, las universidades pueden crear un entorno que apoye estilos de vida activos y contribuya significativamente a mejorar la salud y el bienestar de los estudiantes. Se espera que esta estrategia aborde los retos de la participación en la actividad física, especialmente entre las estudiantes, aumentando así la concienciación y la participación en la actividad física en general.
Palabras clave: Actividad física, estudiantes universitarios, disparidades de género, efectos del IMC, educación.
Abstract. The decline in physical activity has adversely impacted physical health, with university students being particularly affected. Thus, this study examined the effect of gender and Body Mass Index (BMI) on physical activity levels among Malaysian universities and Medan State University students. The research involved 130 students from education universities in Malaysia and Medan State Universities. The data were collected using the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents (PAQ-A). The study indicated significant differences in physical activity levels among university students. This difference might be affected by gender, with male students showing significantly higher physical activity levels than female students (Sig. = 0.001 and η² = 0.082). Therefore, it is important for universities to consider such factors in designing health and wellness programs, especially to increase female students' participation in physical activity. Nonetheless, the statistical test showed no significant difference was found in physical activity levels among the different Body Mass Index (BMI) categories. This finding indicates that, unlike gender, BMI does not significantly affect the physical activity levels of university students (Sig. = 0.310). The implications of these findings suggest an urgent need for tailored health interventions in university settings, particularly Medan State University. The university can create an environment that supports active lifestyles and contributes significantly to improving students' health and well-being by providing accessible sports facilities, organizing fitness classes, and promoting active transportation options. This strategy is expected to address the challenges of participation in physical activity, particularly among female students, thereby increasing awareness and participation in overall physical activity.
Keywords: Physical Activity, University Students, Gender Disparities, BMI Effects, Education
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