Relación entre la proporción 2D:4D, variables de rendimiento físico y composición corporal en atletas de lucha libre élite (Relationship between the 2D:4D ratio, physical performance variables, and body composition in elite wrestling athletes)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v61.107963Palabras clave:
proporciones digitales, antropometría, peso y medidas corporales, examen físico, tamaño corporalResumen
Antecedentes: La proporción 2D:4D en varios deportes ha revelado relaciones significativas entre este indicador digital y el rendimiento deportivo, pero pocos estudios se han centrado en luchadores de élite. Por lo tanto, el presente estudio tiene dos objetivos principales: primero, presentar datos descriptivos comparándolos entre géneros, y segundo, identificar correlaciones significativas con la proporción 2D:4D. Métodos: Un total de 22 luchadores participaron en el estudio, y se compararon sus variables antropométricas, proporción bilateral 2D:4D, potencia muscular (CMJ), fuerza de tracción isométrica y fuerza de agarre manual. Resultados: Los hallazgos muestran correlaciones significativas entre la proporción 2D:4D derecha y la masa residual (r = .46; p < .05); Z-Score del tórax transversal (r = .61; p < .01); inversamente con el ectomorfo (r = -.46; p < .05) y la fuerza de agarre manual (r = .43; p = .042); y la proporción 2D:4D izquierda con el Z-Score de las circunferencias del pecho (r = .45; p < .05) y el Z-Score de peso (r = .43; p = .042). Conclusiones: Se concluye que la proporción 2D:4D podría ser un indicador predictivo de componentes de la composición corporal, así como una medida del rendimiento de la fuerza de agarre manual y la capacidad respiratoria en atletas de lucha olímpica.
Palabras clave: proporciones digitales, antropometría, peso y medidas corporales, examen físico, tamaño corporal
Abstract. Background: The 2D:4D ratio in various sports has revealed significant relationships between this digit indicator and sports performance, but few studies have focused on elite wrestlers. Thus, the present study has two main objectives: firstly, to present descriptive data comparing it between genders, and secondly, to identify significant correlations with the 2D:4D ratio. Methods: A total of 22 wrestlers participated in the study, and their anthropometric variables, bilateral 2D:4D ratio, muscle power (CMJ), isometric traction strength, and handgrip strength were compared. Results: The findings show significant correlations between the right 2D:4D ratio and residual mass (r = .46; p < .05); Z-Score transverse thorax (r = .61; p < .01); inversely with ectomorphy (r = -.46; p < .05) and handgrip strength (r = .43; p = .042); and the left 2D:4D with Z-Score chest girths (r = .45; p < .05) and Z-Score weight (r = .43; p = .042). Conclusions: It is concluded that the 2D:4D ratio could be a predictive indicator of body composition components as well as a measure of handgrip strength performance and respiratory capacity in Olympic wrestling athletes.
Keywords: digit ratios, anthropometry, body weights and measures, physical examination, body size
Citas
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