Impacto del entrenamiento físico en la calidad de vida de mujeres post tratamiento de cáncer de mama: una revisión de alcance (Physical training impact on the quality of life of women post breast cancer treatment: a scoping review)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v59.107270Palabras clave:
cáncer de mama, calidad de vida relacionada con la salud, fatiga, ejercicio aeróbico, entrenamiento de fuerzaResumen
El presente estudio tiene como objetivo determinar el impacto del entrenamiento de resistencia y aeróbico sobre la calidad de vida y fatiga en personas con cáncer de mama. Se trata de una revisión de alcance, en la cual se realizó una búsqueda en las siguientes bases de datos: Pubmed, Sciencedirect, Scielo, Proquest y Scopus hasta el 01 de septiembre del 2023. Se incluyeron estudios experimentales que evaluaron los efectos del entrenamiento de resistencia y aeróbico sobre la calidad de vida y fatiga de mujeres post tratamiento por cáncer de mama. Se consideró la declaración Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) para la realización de esta revisión y los resultados de los estudios fueron analizados de forma descriptiva. Fueron evaluados por elegibilidad 47 textos completos de los cuales solo 7 de ellos cumplían con los criterios de inclusión. Los artículos seleccionados presentaban una muestra constituida por 527 mujeres adultas con una edad entre 45 y 65 años. Cinco del total de los estudios incluidos evidenciaron una mejora significativa en la calidad de vida, otros 2 estudios no reportaron cambios en esta variable. Por otro lado, 2 de los 5 estudios incluidos evidenciaron una reducción significativa de la fatiga con el entrenamiento y los otros 3 estudios no identificaron cambios post intervención. Los resultados de la presente revisión indican que el entrenamiento de resistencia y aeróbico presenta efectos positivos sobre la percepción de calidad de vida y la fatiga de mujeres post tratamiento por cáncer de mama.
Palabras Claves: cáncer de mama, calidad de vida relacionada con la salud, fatiga, ejercicio aeróbico, entrenamiento de fuerza.
Abstract. The present study aims to determine the impact of resistance and aerobic training on quality of life and fatigue in people with breast cancer. This is a scoping review, in which a search was carried out in the following databases: Pubmed, Sciencedirect, Scielo, Proquest and Scopus until September 1, 2023. Experimental studies that evaluated the effects of training of resistance and aerobic on the quality of life and fatigue of women treated on for breast cancer. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) statement was considered to carry out this review and the results of the studies were analyzed descriptively. 47 full texts were evaluated for eligibility, of which only 7 of them met the inclusion criteria. The selected articles presented a sample made up of 527 adult women between 45 and 65 years old. Five of the total included studies showed a significant improvement in quality of life, another 2 studies reported no changes in this variable. On the other hand, 2 of the 5 included studies showed a significant reduction in fatigue with training and the other 3 studies did not identify post-intervention changes. The results of the present review indicated that resistance and aerobic training have positive effects on the perception of quality of life and fatigue of women treated on for breast cancer.
Keywords: breast cancer, healthy related quality of life, fatigue, aerobic exercise, resistance training.
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