Mejora de las habilidades para resolver problemas mediante el aprendizaje de educación física: un análisis integral (Enhancing problem-solving skills through physical education learning: a comprehensive analysis)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v58.106838Palabras clave:
educación física, resolución de problemas, aprendizaje basado en problemas, estudiantes escolaresResumen
La educación física (EF) ha sido reconocida desde hace mucho tiempo como un componente esencial de una educación holística, que contribuye no sólo a la aptitud física sino también al desarrollo cognitivo, social y emocional. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo descubrir si la educación física puede mejorar las habilidades para resolver problemas. El tipo de investigación utilizado en esta investigación es la investigación asociativa (de relación). El Inventario de Resolución de Problemas (PSI) es la herramienta empleada en este estudio. Este instrumento consta de (1) la confianza en la resolución de problemas (r = 0,85), (2) el estilo de acercamiento-evitación (r = 0,88), (3) el control personal (r -0,83). Los resultados de la investigación que se pueden observar en la tabla de la matriz anti imagen determinan el nivel de idoneidad de las variables estudiadas. En este caso, las 3 variables del Inventario de resolución de problemas tienen todas un valor > 0,50 con los siguientes detalles: 1) Confianza en la resolución de problemas 0,643; 2) Estilo de evitación de aproximación 0,501 y 3) Control personal 0,501. A continuación, la varianza total explicada anteriormente en la sección Valores propios iniciales, solo hay 1 factor formado a partir de las 3 variables utilizadas. Porque la condición para convertirse en factor son los valores propios iniciales> 1 y pueden explicar el 43,273%, mientras que el valor de las sumas de extracción de cargas al cuadrado es 1,298 o> 1 y pueden explicar la variación del 43,273%. Y tiene una variación acumulada del 43,273%. Con base en los resultados de la investigación anterior, se puede concluir que los modelos de aprendizaje basado en problemas pueden mejorar los resultados del aprendizaje de los estudiantes de secundaria en Padang. La resolución de problemas se convierte en un componente esencial en la vida, por ello en todo aprendizaje se debe incluir la capacidad de resolución de problemas.
Palabras clave: educación física, resolución de problemas, aprendizaje basado en problemas, estudiantes escolares
Abstract. Physical education (PE) has long been recognized as an important component of holistic education, contributing not only to physical fitness but also to cognitive, social, and emotional development. This research is to find out whether physical education can improve problem solving skills. The type of research used in this research is associative (relationship) research. This research was conducted on high school students in Padang, West Sumatra with a sample size of 50 people (23 men and 27 women) using a purposive sampling technique. The Problem Solving Inventory (PSI) was the tool used in this research. This instrument consists of (1) problem solving beliefs (r =.85), (2) approach-avoidance style (r =.88), (3) personal control (r -.83). The research results that can be seen in the anti-image matrix table determine the level of suitability of the variables studied. In this case, the three variables in the Problem Solving Inventory all have values > 0.50 with the following details: 1) Problem solving confidence 0.643; 2) Approach avoidance style 0.501 and 3) Personal control 0.501. Furthermore, the Total Variance explained above in the Initial Eigenvalues section only has 1 factor which is formed from the 3 variables used. Because the requirement to become a factor is that the Initial Eigen Value > 1 is able to explain 43.273%, while the Extraction Sums of Squared Loadings value is 1.298 or > 1 and is able to explain 43.273% of the variation. And has a cumulative variation of 43.273%. Based on the research results above, it can be concluded that the problem-based learning model can improve the learning outcomes of high school students in Padang. Problem solving is an important component in life, therefore problem-solving skills must be included in every lesson.
Keywords: physical education, problem solving, problem-based learning, school students
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