¿Es posible proponer una estrategia de periodización diferente de la U invertida en pretemporada? Una comparación entre dos equipos de fútbol profesional (Is it possible to propose a periodization strategy different from the inverted U in preseason? A comparison between two professional football teams)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v56.103792Palabras clave:
GPS, carga de entrenamiento, deportes de equipo, periodización, monitorizaciónResumen
Objetivo: el objetivo principal de este estudio fue cuantificar y comparar las cargas externas semanales de pretemporada en dos equipos de fútbol profesional. Métodos: Los dispositivos GPS monitorearon diariamente a cuarenta y cinco jugadores de dos equipos durante un período de pretemporada de cinco semanas. Las medidas de carga externa fueron: número de sesiones, duración total, carga de aceleración (aLoad), distancia total (TD), distancia a >21 km·h-1 (TD21), distancia a >24 km·h-1 (TD24) y Player-Load® (PL). Resultados: hubo diferencias en la carga externa semanal entre ambos equipos. El Equipo1 entrenó un 30% más de tiempo y sesiones de entrenamiento que el Equipo2, por lo que la carga semanal para todas las variables de carga externa fue mayor excepto para aLoad y TD21 para W1 (Equipo2>Equipo1, p<0,05). Estas diferencias entre equipos no fueron similares para todas las semanas, con mayores diferencias en las semanas 2, 3 y 4. Mientras que el Equipo2 propuso una distribución más estable y progresiva en distancias de alta velocidad (TD21 y TD24) entre semanas, el Equipo1 utilizó la U invertida. modelo. En esta línea, las variaciones entre semanas fueron menores para el Equipo2 (del -4% al 38%) que para el Equipo1 (del -26% al 1.653%). Conclusiones: La principal conclusión del estudio fue que además de una gestión de carga con modelo de U invertida, más extendida en el fútbol profesional, se puede proponer una estrategia de distribución de carga más estable y progresiva en la pretemporada en el ámbito profesional.
Palabras clave: GPS, carga de entrenamiento, deportes de equipo, periodización, seguimiento.
Abstract.Purpose: the main aim of this study was to quantify and compare the weekly external loads of pre-season in two professional football teams. Methods: GPS devices monitored forty-five players in two teams daily in a five-week pre-season period. The external load measures were: number of sessions, total duration, acceleration load (aLoad), total distance (TD), distance at >21 km·h-1 (TD21), distance at >24 km·h-1 (TD24) and Player-Load® (PL). Results: there were differences in the weekly external load between both teams. Team1 trained 30% more time and training sessions than Team2, so the weekly load for all external load variables was higher except for aLoad and TD21 for W1 (Team2>Team1, p<0.05). These differences between teams were not similar for all weeks, with higher differences in weeks 2, 3, and 4. While Team2 proposed a distribution more stable and progressive in high-speed distances (TD21 and TD24) among weeks, Team1 used the inverted U model. In this line, variations between weeks were lower for Team2 (from -4% to 38%) than for Team1 (from -26% to 1,653%). Conclusions: The study's main conclusion was that in addition to a load management with an inverted U model, more widespread in professional football, a more stable and progressive distribution strategy can be proposed in pre-season in a professional setting.
Keywords: GPS, training load, team sports, periodization, monitoring.
Citas
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