Análisis de la relación entre el sprint de 5 m con la composición corporal, maduración biológica e indica-dores antropométricos en hombres jóvenes tenistas (Analysis of the relationship between the 5m sprint with body composition, biological maturation and an-thropometric indicators in young male tennis players)

Autores/as

  • Pablo Luna-Villouta Departamento de Educación Física. Facultad de Educación. Universidad de Concepción, Concepción,Chile. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2825-0303
  • Marcelo Paredes-Arias Escuela de Salud, Técnico Superior en Preparación Física, Instituto Profesional Duoc UC, Puente Alto, Chile. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0569-2961
  • Cesar Faúndez- Casanova Facultad de Educación, Pedagogía en Educación Física, Universidad Católica del Maule, Chile. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4501-4169
  • Carol Flores-Rivera Facultad de Educación y Ciencias Sociales, Universidad Andres Bello, Concepción, Chile. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8888-6819
  • Carlos Matus-Castillo Departamento de Ciencias del Deporte y Acondicionamiento Físico. Facultad de Educación. Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8019-6442
  • Claudio Hernández-Mosqueira Departamento de Educación Física, Facultad de Educación, Universidad de Concepción, Chile https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9392-2319
  • Rodrigo Vargas Vitoria Facultad de Educación, Pedagogía en Educación Física, Universidad Católica del Maule, Chile. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7554-9589

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v51.101029

Palabras clave:

composición corporal, antropometría, rendimiento físico, maduración, adolescentes, tenis

Resumen

Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar la relación entre el sprint de 5 m con la composición corporal, maduración biológica e indicadores antropométricos en hombres jóvenes tenistas. El estudio fue correlacional y de corte transversal con la participación de 35 jóvenes tenistas hombres (15±0.5 años) de nacionalidad chilena, seleccionados de manera no probabilística por accesibilidad. Se midió el sprint de 5 m en las canchas de tenis y se registraron variables antropométricas como masa corporal, talla, perímetros corporales (brazo, muslo y pierna) y pliegues cutáneos (tríceps, muslo anterior y pierna medial). Se calcularon el pico de aceleración de la velocidad de crecimiento (APVC), el porcentaje de grasa corporal (GC) y la masa muscular esquelética (MME). Los resultados evidenciaron que el sprint de 5 m se asoció principalmente con el pliegue de la pierna medial (R2=24%; p˂0.01) y el GC (R2=13%; p˂0.05). Además, se encontró que un incremento en estos indicadores de adiposidad se relaciona con un mayor tiempo en el sprint de 5 m (β= 0.02; 0.04 s, respectivamente). Sin embargo, la masa corporal, la talla, el APVC y la MME mostraron una relación baja con el sprint 5 m (p>0.05). En conclusión, el sprint de 5 m muestra mayor asociación con indicadores de adiposidad, principalmente con el pliegue de la pierna medial y el GC. Adicionalmente, mejores niveles en estos indicadores se asocian con un menor tiempo en el sprint de 5 m.

Palabras clave: composición corporal; antropometría; rendimiento físico; maduración; adolescentes; tenis.

Abstract. The research aimed to analyze the relationship between the 5m sprint with body composition, biological maturation, and anthropometric indicators in young male tennis players. The study utilized a correlational cross-sectional design with the participation of 35 male young tennis players (15±0.5 years old) of Chilean nationality, selected through non-probabilistic convenience sampling. The 5m sprint was measured on tennis courts, and anthropometric variables such as weight, height, body circumferences (arm, thigh, and leg), and skinfolds (triceps, anterior thigh, and medial leg) were recorded. Peak height velocity (APVC), body fat percentage (GC), and skeletal muscle mass (MME) were calculated. The results showed that the 5m sprint was primarily associated with the medial leg skinfold (R2=24%; p<0.01) and GC (R2=13%; p<0.05). Furthermore, an increase in these indicators was correlated with a worse performance in 5m sprint test (β= 0.02; 0.04 s, respectively). However, body weight, height, APVC, and MME demonstrated a weak association with the 5m sprint (p>0.05). In conclusion, the 5m sprint shows greater association with adiposity indicators, mainly with the medial leg crease and GC. Additionally, better levels in these indicators are associated with a shorter time in the 5m sprint.

Key words: body composition; anthropometry; physical performance; maturation; young boys; tennis.

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Publicado

2024-01-01

Cómo citar

Luna-Villouta, P., Paredes-Arias, M., Faúndez- Casanova, C., Flores-Rivera, C., Matus-Castillo, C., Hernández-Mosqueira, C., & Vargas Vitoria, R. (2024). Análisis de la relación entre el sprint de 5 m con la composición corporal, maduración biológica e indica-dores antropométricos en hombres jóvenes tenistas (Analysis of the relationship between the 5m sprint with body composition, biological maturation and an-thropometric indicators in young male tennis players). Retos, 51, 480–487. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v51.101029

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