Propiedades psicométricas de la versión peruana del Test de Desarrollo Motor Grueso – Tercera Edición (Psychometric properties of the Peruvian version of the Gross Motor Development Test - Third Edition)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v50.100031Palabras clave:
Habilidades motrices fundamentales, Desarrollo motor grueso, Niños, PsicometríaResumen
El Test de Desarrollo Motor Grueso - Tercera Edición (TGMD-3) evalúa la competencia de las habilidades motrices fundamentales de niños de 3 a 10 años. El estudio tuvo como objetivos traducir el TGMD-3 al español peruano y analizar las propiedades psicométricas para niños peruanos de 6 a 10 años. Se realizó una traducción transcultural del TGMD-3 a fin de contar con una versión en español peruano. El estudio involucró 19 profesionales y 348 niños peruanos de 6 a 10 años reclutados de las tres regiones naturales del Perú (costa, sierra y selva). La concordancia de valoración de los ítems entre los expertos fue apropiada (Índice de Validez de Contenido > 94.4 %; Coeficiente Kappa > .802). El análisis factorial confirmatorio corroboró la validez del modelo de dos factores (chi-cuadrado sobre grados de libertad = 1.618; índice de ajuste comparativo = .905; error de aproximación cuadrático medio = .042; residuo cuadrático medio estandarizado = .056; índice de bondad de ajuste = .998), mostrando una validez de constructo aceptable. La validez concurrente ratificó las carencias o potencialidades motoras que presentaron los niños (-.68, p < .001). Finalmente, los índices de fiabilidad obtenidos (consistencia interna = .851, test-retest = .951, inter-evaluador = .963, intra-evaluador = .983) cumplieron con los estándares más exigentes. Los resultados confirmaron que el TGMD-3 versión peruana es apropiado para evaluar la competencia de las habilidades motrices fundamentales de niños peruanos.
Palabras clave: Habilidades motrices fundamentales; desarrollo motor grueso; niños; psicometría.
Abstract. The Test of Gross Motor Development - Third Edition (TGMD-3) assesses the fundamental motor skills competence of children aged 3 to 10 years. The objectives of the study were to translate the TGMD-3 into Peruvian Spanish and to analyze its psychometric properties for Peruvian children aged 6 to 10 years. A cross-cultural translation of the TGMD-3 was carried out in order to have a Peruvian Spanish version. The study involved 19 professionals and 348 Peruvian children aged 6 to 10 years recruited from the three natural regions of Peru (coast, highlands and jungle). Item rating agreement among experts was appropriate (Content Validity Index > 94.4 %; Kappa Coefficient > .802). The confirmatory factor analysis corroborated the validity of the two-factor model (chi-square on degrees of freedom = 1.618; comparative fit index = .905; root mean square error of approximation = .042; standardized root mean residual = .056; goodness-of-fit index = .998), showing acceptable construct validity. Concurrent validity ratified the motor deficits or potentialities presented by the children (-.68, p < .001). Finally, the reliability indices obtained (internal consistency = .851, test-retest = .951, inter-rater = .963, intra-rater = .983) met the most demanding standards. The results confirmed that the TGMD-3 Peruvian version is appropriate for assessing the fundamental motor skills competence of Peruvian children.
Keywords: Fundamental motor skills; gross motor development; children; psychometrics.
Citas
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