Cuestionario de actividad física para escolares (CAFE): Fiabilidad y validez de una nueva propuesta según las directrices de la OMS (Physical activity questionnaire for schoolchildren (PAQS): Reliability and validity of a new proposal according to WHO guidelines)

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v51.101142

Palabras clave:

actividad física, vigilancia, cuestionario, escolares adolescentes, Organización Mundial de la Salud

Resumen

El Cuestionario de Actividad Física para Escolares (CAFE) se desarrolló para la vigilancia nacional de la actividad física (AF) de la población escolar adolescente del Perú, considerando las directrices de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS). El estudio tuvo como objetivo diseñar y confirmar la fiabilidad y validez del CAFE peruanos de 12 a 17 años. El proceso de fiabilidad y validez involucró 1576 escolares adolescentes (812 hombres y 764 mujeres) entre 12 y 17 años pertenecientes a tres regiones naturales del Perú (costa, selva y sierra). Los resultados mostraron una fiabilidad de test-retest adecuada (tiempo de AF diario promedio = .865; tiempo de AF en actividades del colegio diario promedio = .829; tiempo de AF en tiempo libre diario promedio = .841), excepto en el tiempo de AF en transporte para ir y retornar del colegio diario promedio (.686), donde se obtuvo una fiabilidad muy próxima al aceptable (≥ .70). En relación con la validez, en la de contenido, se encontraron valores óptimos de concordancia (Razón de Validez de Contenido de Lawshe = 1.00) y acuerdo (Validez de Kappa de Fleiss = .82 a 1.00) entre jueces. Y en la concurrente, se encontró una relación significativa muy grande (CAFE y PACE en la última semana r = .779, p-valor = .000; CAFE y PACE en una semana habitual r = .749, p-valor = .000. Los resultados de fiabilidad y validez confirmaron que el CAFE es adecuado y aceptable para medir la AF de escolares adolescentes de 12 a 17 años según las directrices de la OMS.

Palabras clave: actividad física; vigilancia; cuestionario; escolares adolescentes; Organización Mundial de la Salud.

Abstract. The Physical Activity Questionnaire for Schoolchildren (PAQS) was developed for the national surveillance of physical activity (PA) in the adolescent school population of Peru, considering the guidelines of the World Health Organization (WHO). The study aimed to design and confirm the reliability and validity of the Peruvian PAQS for 12 to 17 year-olds. The reliability and validity process involved 1576 adolescent schoolchildren (812 males and 764 females) between 12 and 17 years old belonging to three natural regions of Peru (coast, jungle and highlands). The results showed adequate test-retest reliability (mean daily PA time = .865; mean daily school activities PA time = .829; mean daily free time PA time = .841), except for mean daily PA time in transportation to and from school (.686), where reliability was very close to acceptable (≥ .70). In relation to content validity, optimal values of concordance (Lawshe's Content Validity Ratio = 1.00) and agreement (Fleiss Kappa Validity = .82 to 1.00) between judges were found. And in the concurrent, a very large significant relationship was found (PAQS and PACE in the last week r = .779, p-value = .000; PAQS and PACE in a usual week r = .749, p-value = .000. Reliability and validity results confirmed that the PAQS is suitable and acceptable for measuring PA of adolescent schoolchildren aged 12 to 17 years according to WHO guidelines.

Keywords: physical activity; surveillance; questionnaire; adolescent schoolchildren; World Health Organization.

Biografía del autor/a

Angel Anibal Mamani-Ramos, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos

Docente de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú

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Publicado

2024-01-01

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Mamani-Ramos, A. A., Damian-Nuñez, E. F., Inga-Arias, M. G., Quisocala-Ramos, J. A., Torres-Cruz, F., Dextre-Mendoza, C. W., … Vivar-Cueva, J. A. (2024). Cuestionario de actividad física para escolares (CAFE): Fiabilidad y validez de una nueva propuesta según las directrices de la OMS (Physical activity questionnaire for schoolchildren (PAQS): Reliability and validity of a new proposal according to WHO guidelines). Retos, 51, 626–636. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v51.101142

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