La calidad de sueño afecta la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en atletas jóvenes durante una competición (Sleep quality affects health-related quality of life in young athletes during competition)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v47.93984Palabras clave:
Higiene del sueño, salud mental, calidad de vida, deportistas, deportes juveniles.Resumen
Estudio analítico transversal que examinó el vínculo entre la calidad del sueño (SQ) y la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (HRQOL) en jóvenes atletas en una competencia deportiva. SQ se midió a través del índice de calidad del sueño de Pittsburgh (PSQI) y HRQOL a través de la encuesta de salud de formato corto SF36 v2 (SF36v2) en 71 atletas jóvenes (39 hombres; edad media 16,9, SD = 1,2 años; promedio 6,5, SD 3,2 años de práctica deportiva; y promedio 10,8, SD = 3,3 horas de entrenamiento semanal) el día anterior a una competición. Al comparar los atletas según SQ (SQ deficiente > 5 PSQI), fueron encontradas diferencias significativas (p < ,05) en la HRQOL en los dominios dolor corporal, salud general, vitalidad, función social, rol emocional y salud mental, pero no en los dominios función corporal y rol físico. Nuestros resultados sugieren que un SQ deficiente se asocia con una peor percepción de la HRQOL en atletas jóvenes en competencia.
Palabras clave: Higiene del sueño, salud mental, calidad de vida, atletas, deportes juveniles.
Abstract. Cross-sectional, analytical study that examined the link between sleep quality (SQ) and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in young athletes in a sports competition. SQ was measured through the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and HRQOL through the SF36 v2 (SF36v2) short-form health survey in 71 young athletes (39 men; mean age 16.9, SD = 1.2 years; mean 6.5, SD = 3.2 years in sports and mean 10.8, SD = 3.3 hours of weekly training) on the day prior to a competition. When comparing the athletes according to SQ (poor SQ > 5 PSQI), significant differences were found (p < .05) in HRQOL in the domains bodily pain, general health, vitality, social function, emotional role and mental health, but not in the domains bodily function and physical role. Our results suggest poor SQ is associated with a worse perception of HRQOL in young athletes in competition.
Key words: Sleep hygiene, mental health, quality of life, athletes, youth sports.
Citas
Alsaadi, S. M., McAuley, J. H., Hush, J. M., Lo, S., Lin, C.-W. C., Williams, C. M., & Maher, C. G. (2014). Poor sleep quality is strongly associated with subsequent pain intensity in patients with acute low back pain. Arthritis & Rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.), 66(5), 1388–1394. https://doi.org/10.1002/art.38329
Anderson, M. L., & Reale, R. J. (2020). Discrepancies between self-reported current and ideal sleep behaviors of adolescent athletes. Sleep Science (Sao Paulo, Brazil), 13(1), 18–24. https://doi.org/10.5935/1984-0063.20190122
Bascour-Sandoval, C., Belmar-Arriagada, H., Albayay, J., Lacoste-Abarzua, C., Bielefeldt-Astudillo, D., Gajardo-Burgos, R., Vidal-Torres, M., & Gálvez-García, G. (2021). The Effect of Sleep Quality on Pain in Chilean Individuals with Musculoskeletal Disorders. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(21), 11370. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111370
Bascour-Sandoval, C., Norambuena-Noches, Y., Monrroy-Uarac, M., Flández-Valderrama, J., Gálvez-García, G., & Gajardo-Burgos, R. (2021). Association between sleep quality and pain in young amateur athletes. Revista Brasileira de Medicina Do Esporte, 27(2), 165–169. https://doi.org/10.1590/1517-8692202127022019_0008
Benjamin, C. L., Curtis, R. M., Huggins, R. A., Sekiguchi, Y., Jain, R. K., McFadden, B. A., & Casa, D. J. (2020). Sleep Dysfunction and Mood in Collegiate Soccer Athletes. Sports Health, 12(3), 234–240. https://doi.org/10.1177/1941738120916735
Biggins, M., Cahalan, R., Comyns, T., Purtill, H., & O’Sullivan, K. (2018). Poor sleep is related to lower general health, increased stress and increased confusion in elite Gaelic athletes. The Physician and Sportsmedicine, 46(1), 14–20. https://doi.org/10.1080/00913847.2018.1416258
Buysse, D. J., Reynolds, C. F., Monk, T. H., Berman, S. R., & Kupfer, D. J. (1989). The Pittsburgh sleep quality index: A new instrument for psychiatric practice and research. Psychiatry Research, 28(2), 193–213. https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-1781(89)90047-4
Campbell, E. H., Poudevigne, M., McFarlane, S., Dilworth, L., & Irving, R. (2021). Evidence that sleep is an indicator of overtraining during the competition phase of adolescent sprinters. Journal of Sports Medicine, 2021, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6694547
Cohen, J. (2013). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203771587
Contessoto, L. C., Costa, L. C. A. da, Anversa, A. L. B., & Refundini, L. B. (2020). Análise do nível de ansiedade pré-competitiva em atletas juvenis e adultos praticantes de Muaythai (Analysis of the level of pre-competitive anxiety in youth athletes and adult practitioners of Muaythai) (Analysis of the level of pre-competitive anxiety i. Retos, 40, 209–215. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v1i40.79849
Coolican, H. (2013). Research methods and statistics in psychology (5th ed). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203769669
Crane, J., & Temple, V. (2015). A systematic review of dropout from organized sport among children and youth. European Physical Education Review, 21(1), 114–131. https://doi.org/10.1177/1356336X14555294
Cureton, E. E. (1956). Rank-biserial correlation. Psychometrika, 21(3), 287–290. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02289138
de la Vega, R., Tomé-Pires, C., Solé, E., Racine, M., Castarlenas, E., Jensen, M. P., & Miró, J. (2015). The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: Validity and factor structure in young people. Psychological Assessment, 27(4), e22–e27. https://doi.org/10.1037/pas0000128
Dois Castellón, A., Contreras Mejias, A., Arechabala, M. C., & Urrutia Soto, M. T. (2007). Validación de una escala de calidad de vida en en grupo de personas con esquizofrenia de la Región Metropolitana - Chile. Ciencia y Enfermería, 13(1). https://doi.org/10.4067/S0717-95532007000100005
Escobar-Córdoba, F., & Eslava-Schmalbach, J. (2005). Colombian validation of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Revista de Neurologia, 40(3), 150–155. https://doi.org/10.33588/rn.4003.2004320
Fox, J. L., Scanlan, A. T., Stanton, R., & Sargent, C. (2020). Insufficient sleep in young athletes? Causes, consequences, and potential treatments. Sports Medicine (Auckland, N.Z.), 50(3), 461–470. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-019-01220-8
Fullagar, H. H. K., Duffield, R., Skorski, S., Coutts, A. J., Julian, R., & Meyer, T. (2015). Sleep and Recovery in Team Sport: Current Sleep-Related Issues Facing Professional Team-Sport Athletes. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 10(8), 950–957. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2014-0565
Gomes, G. C., Passos, M. H. P. Dos, Silva, H. A., Oliveira, V. M. A. de, Novaes, W. A., Pitangui, A. C. R., & Araújo, R. C. de. (2017). Sleep quality and its association with psychological symptoms in adolescent athletes. Revista Paulista de Pediatria : Orgao Oficial Da Sociedade de Pediatria de Sao Paulo, 35(3), 316–321. https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-0462/;2017;35;3;00009
Hirshkowitz, M., Whiton, K., Albert, S. M., Alessi, C., Bruni, O., DonCarlos, L., Hazen, N., Herman, J., Katz, E. S., Kheirandish-Gozal, L., Neubauer, D. N., O’Donnell, A. E., Ohayon, M., Peever, J., Rawding, R., Sachdeva, R. C., Setters, B., Vitiello, M. V., Ware, J. C., & Adams Hillard, P. J. (2015). National sleep foundation’s sleep time duration recommendations: Methodology and results summary. Sleep Health, 1(1), 40–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleh.2014.12.010
Huffman, G. R., Park, J., Roser-Jones, C., Sennett, B. J., Yagnik, G., & Webner, D. (2008). Normative SF-36 values in competing NCAA intercollegiate athletes differ from values in the general population. The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American Volume, 90(3), 471–476. https://doi.org/10.2106/JBJS.G.00325
Juliff, L. E., Halson, S. L., & Peiffer, J. J. (2015). Understanding sleep disturbance in athletes prior to important competitions. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 18(1), 13–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2014.02.007
Kahn, M., Sheppes, G., & Sadeh, A. (2013). Sleep and emotions: Bidirectional links and underlying mechanisms. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 89(2), 218–228. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2013.05.010
Karimi, M., & Brazier, J. (2016). Health, Health-Related Quality of Life, and Quality of Life: What is the difference? PharmacoEconomics, 34(7), 645–649. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40273-016-0389-9
Lam, K. C., Valier, A. R. S., Bay, R. C., & McLeod, T. C. V. (2013). A unique patient population? Health-related quality of life in adolescent athletes versus general, healthy adolescent individuals. Journal of Athletic Training, 48(2), 233–241. https://doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-48.2.12
Lastella, M., Roach, G. D., Halson, S. L., & Sargent, C. (2015). Sleep/wake behaviours of elite athletes from individual and team sports. European Journal of Sport Science, 15(2), 94–100. https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2014.932016
Marques, D. R., Meia-Via, A. M. S., da Silva, C. F., & Gomes, A. A. (2017). Associations between sleep quality and domains of quality of life in a non-clinical sample: Results from higher education students. Sleep Health, 3(5), 348–356. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleh.2017.07.004
Miró, E., Cano-Lozano, C., & Buela-Casal, G. (2005). Sueño y calidad de vida. Revista Colombiana de Psicología, 14, 11–27. https://www.redalyc.org/pdf/804/80401401.pdf
Nelson, K. L., Davis, J. E., & Corbett, C. F. (2022). Sleep quality: An evolutionary concept analysis. Nursing Forum, 57(1), 144–151. https://doi.org/10.1111/nuf.12659
Potter, M. N., Howell, D. R., Dahab, K. S., Sweeney, E. A., Albright, J. C., & Provance, A. J. (2020). Sleep quality and quality of life among healthy high school athletes. Clinical Pediatrics, 59(2), 170–177. https://doi.org/10.1177/0009922819892050
Ritland, B. M., Simonelli, G., Gentili, R. J., Smith, J. C., He, X., Oh, H., Balkin, T. J., & Hatfield, B. D. (2019). Sleep health and its association with performance and motivation in tactical athletes enrolled in the Reserve Officers’ Training Corps. Sleep Health, 5(3), 309–314. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleh.2019.01.004
Royuela-Rico, A., & Macías-Fernández, J. A. (1997). Propiedades clinimétricas de la versión castellana del cuestionario de Pittsburg. Vigilia-Sueño, 9(2), 81–94.
Simpson, N. S., Gibbs, E. L., & Matheson, G. O. (2017). Optimizing sleep to maximize performance: implications and recommendations for elite athletes. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 27(3), 266–274. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.12703
Snyder, A. R., Martinez, J. C., Bay, R. C., Parsons, J. T., Sauers, E. L., & Valovich McLeod, T. C. (2010). Health-related quality of life differs between adolescent athletes and adolescent nonathletes. Journal of Sport Rehabilitation, 19(3), 237–248. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsr.19.3.237
Stheneur, C., Sznajder, M., Spiry, C., Marcu Marin, M., Ghout, I., Samb, P., & Benoist, G. (2019). Sleep duration, quality of life and depression in adolescents: a school-based survey. Minerva Pediatrica, 71(2), 125–134. https://doi.org/10.23736/S0026-4946.17.04818-6
Villarreal-Angeles, M. A., Rodriguez Vela, B., Tapia Martínez, R., Gallegos Sanchez, J., & Moncada-Jimenez, J. (2021). Comparison of psychological constructs in university athletes during a national competition (Comparación de constructos psicológicos en deportistas universitarios durante una competición nacional). Retos, 42, 618–626. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v42i0.89282
Walsh, N. P., Halson, S. L., Sargent, C., Roach, G. D., Nédélec, M., Gupta, L., Leeder, J., Fullagar, H. H., Coutts, A. J., Edwards, B. J., Pullinger, S. A., Robertson, C. M., Burniston, J. G., Lastella, M., Le Meur, Y., Hausswirth, C., Bender, A. M., Grandner, M. A., & Samuels, C. H. (2020). Sleep and the athlete: narrative review and 2021 expert consensus recommendations. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 55(7), 356–368. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2020-102025
Descargas
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2023 Retos
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.
Los autores que publican en esta revista están de acuerdo con los siguientes términos:
- Los autores conservan los derechos de autor y garantizan a la revista el derecho de ser la primera publicación de su obra, el cuál estará simultáneamente sujeto a la licencia de reconocimiento de Creative Commons que permite a terceros compartir la obra siempre que se indique su autor y su primera publicación esta revista.
- Los autores pueden establecer por separado acuerdos adicionales para la distribución no exclusiva de la versión de la obra publicada en la revista (por ejemplo, situarlo en un repositorio institucional o publicarlo en un libro), con un reconocimiento de su publicación inicial en esta revista.
- Se permite y se anima a los autores a difundir sus trabajos electrónicamente (por ejemplo, en repositorios institucionales o en su propio sitio web) antes y durante el proceso de envío, ya que puede dar lugar a intercambios productivos, así como a una citación más temprana y mayor de los trabajos publicados (Véase The Effect of Open Access) (en inglés).
Esta revista sigue la "open access policy" de BOAI (1), apoyando los derechos de los usuarios a "leer, descargar, copiar, distribuir, imprimir, buscar o enlazar los textos completos de los artículos".
(1) http://legacy.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/boaifaq.htm#openaccess
