Relación entre efectividad y resultado del partido en la Liga Española de Waterpolo (Relationship between effectiveness and match outcome in the Spanish Water Polo League)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v41i0.86353Palabras clave:
Análisis del rendimiento, waterpolo, resultado de partido, análisis discriminante y análisis notacional, (performance analysis, water polo, match outcome, discriminant analysis and notational analysis)Resumen
El objetivo del presente estudio fue identificar los indicadores de eficacia ofensiva que mejor discriminan en función del resultado del partido (favorable, equilibrado o desfavorable) en el waterpolo. La muestra estuvo formada por 88 partidos de temporada regular (2011-2014) de la Liga Española de Waterpolo Profesional. Se utilizaron análisis univariados (prueba ANOVA; prueba de Kruskal Wallis y prueba del Modelo Lineal Generalizado (GLM)) y multivariante (discriminante) para comparar resultados favorables, equilibrados o desfavorables, y se calcularon los tamaños del efecto de las diferencias para los indicadores. Los resultados mostraron que los equipos con resultado favorables tenían promedios significativamente más altos para la tasa de efectividad en ataques y lanzamientos en igualdad, ataques y lanzamientos en superioridad, ataques y lanzamientos de contraataque, lanzamientos de zona 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 y 6, lanzamientos directos y después de 1, 2 y más de 2 efectividad en lanzamientos directos (SC=-.624), ataques y lanzamientos en igualdad (SC=-.359 y SC=-.322, respectivamente), y ataques y lanzamientos en superioridad (SC=-.343 y SC=-.321, respectivamente). Estos resultados podrían ayudar a los entrenadores a la hora de planificar los entrenamientos y la competición, proporcionándoles los porcentajes de efectividad ofensiva que se deben reforzar para tener más posibilidades de ganar el partido. Puede ayudar a los entrenadores a evaluar a sus equipos y diseñar entrenamientos destinados a mejorar sus habilidades más débiles.
Abstract: The purpose of the present study was to identify the indicators of offensive effectiveness which best discriminate by match score (favourable, balanced or unfavourable) in water polo. The sample comprised 88 regular season games (2011-2014) from the Spanish Professional Water Polo League. Univariate (ANOVA test; Kruskal-Wallis test and Generalized Linear Model test (GLM)) and multivariate (Discriminant) analysis were used to compare favourable, balanced or unfavourable games, and effect sizes of the differences for the indicators were calculated. The results showed that favourable games had averages that were significantly higher for the success rate in even attacks and shots, power-play attacks and shots, counterattack and counterattack shots, shots from zone 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, drive shots, and shots after 1, 2 and more than 2 fakes. The indicators of offensive effectiveness that most discriminated were the success rate for drive shots (SC=-.624), even attacks and shots (SC=-.359 and SC=-.322, respectively), and for power-play actions and shots (SC=-.343 and SC=-.321, respectively). These results could help coaches when planning training and competition, providing them with the percentages of offensive effectiveness that must be reinforced in order to have more chances to win the match. This information can help coaches to evaluate their teams and to design training aimed at improving their weakest skills.
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