Evaluación del test BJJFitness: diferencias entre competidores y no competidores en jiu-jitsu brasileño (Evaluation of the BJJFitness test: differences between competitors and non-competitors in Brazilian jiu-jitsu)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v60.108004Palabras clave:
evaluación fisiológica, capacidad anaeróbica, capacidad aeróbica, artes marciales, métricas de rendimientoResumen
Este estudio presenta el Test BJJFitness, una herramienta novedosa diseñada para evaluar el rendimiento físico y técnico de los practicantes de Jiu-Jitsu Brasileño (BJJ), diferenciando entre competidores y no competidores. El test demostró una alta consistencia interna (alpha de Cronbach = 0.992) y una fuerte fiabilidad test-retest (ICC = 0.894). Variables clave como la frecuencia cardíaca en reposo, la frecuencia cardíaca durante el test, el número de derribos y la tasa de esfuerzo percibido (RPE) fueron críticas para diferenciar los dos grupos. Los competidores mostraron una mayor aptitud cardiovascular, competencia técnica y una menor percepción del esfuerzo en comparación con los no competidores. El Test BJJFitness imita las condiciones reales de los combates, proporcionando un método de evaluación práctico y completo que refleja las demandas únicas del BJJ. Estos hallazgos subrayan la importancia del acondicionamiento específico y las habilidades técnicas para el éxito competitivo en el BJJ. El estudio también destaca el potencial del Test BJJFitness como una herramienta valiosa para entrenadores y atletas para identificar fortalezas y áreas de mejora, guiando intervenciones de entrenamiento dirigidas.
Palabras clave: evaluación fisiológica; capacidad anaeróbica; capacidad aeróbica; artes marciales; métricas de rendimiento.
Abstract. This study introduces the BJJFitness Test, a novel tool designed to evaluate the physical and technical performance of Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu (BJJ) practitioners, distinguishing between competitors and non-competitors. The test demonstrated high internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.992) and strong test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.894). Key variables such as resting heart rate, heart rate during the test, number of takedowns, and rate of perceived exertion (RPE) were critical in differentiating the two groups. Competitors exhibited superior cardiovascular fitness, technical proficiency, and lower perceived exertion compared to non-competitors. The BJJFitness Test mimics real-match conditions, providing a practical and comprehensive assessment method that reflects the unique demands of BJJ. These findings underscore the importance of specific conditioning and technical skills for competitive success in BJJ. The study also highlights the potential of the BJJFitness Test as a valuable tool for coaches and athletes to identify strengths and areas for improvement, guiding targeted training interventions.
Keywords: physiological assessment; anaerobic capacity; aerobic capacity; martial arts; performance metrics.
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