Exploración de la validez y confiabilidad de la escala del ambiente de entrenamiento de estudiantes atletas: un análisis de ítems del modelo CFA de segundo orden (Exploring the validity and reliability of the student athlete training environment scale: a second-order CFA model analysis of items)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v60.107633Palabras clave:
Training Environment, Student Athlete, Validity and Reliability, Confirmatory Factor AnalysisResumen
El objetivo de esta investigación es evaluar la validez del concepto y la determinación de la confiabilidad de la escala del ambiente de entrenamiento, probar la contribución de cada elemento e indicador al reflejar las variables del ambiente de entrenamiento, y evaluar en qué medida el modelo teórico del entorno de formación se corresponde con datos empíricos. La muestra para esta investigación fue de 224 personas con una técnica de muestreo mediante muestreo probabilístico. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 132 deportistas masculinos y 92 deportistas femeninas, características de la muestra de 128 muestras de 12 a 15 años y 96 muestras de 16 a 18 años. El método de recolección de datos utiliza una escala de ambiente de entrenamiento y el análisis de datos utiliza el Modelado de Ecuaciones Estructurales (SEM) con Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio (CFA) a través del programa Lisrel 8.71. El análisis de los resultados de la investigación muestra que los estudiantes atletas en Indonesia están incluidos en la categoría "bueno" en cuanto al entorno de entrenamiento. Las variables del entorno de formación muestran datos válidos y fiables, formados a partir de diversos aspectos e indicadores. Los aspectos relacionados con las instalaciones tienen un papel importante en la representación del entorno de formación, mientras que los aspectos familiares son menos destacados a la hora de describir el entorno de formación. El modelo de medición de las variables del entorno de entrenamiento está en línea con datos empíricos. Esta investigación puede probar la armonía entre el modelo teórico de las variables del entorno de formación y los datos empíricos contenidos en el entorno de formación.
Palabras clave: ambiente de entrenamiento, estudiante atleta, validez y confiabilidad, análisis factorial confirmatorio
Abstract. The aim of this research is to assess the validity of the concept and the determination of the reliability of the training environment scale, to test the contribution of each element and indicator in reflecting training environment variables, and to evaluate the extent to which the theoretical model of the training environment corresponds with empirical data. The sample for this research was 224 people with a sampling technique using probability sampling. The sample consisted of 132 male athletes and 92 female athletes, sample characteristics of 128 samples aged 12 - 15 years and 96 samples aged 16 - 18 years. The data collection method uses a training environment scale and data analysis uses Structure Equation Modeling (SEM) with Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) through the Lisrel 8.71 program. Analysis of research results shows that student athletes in Indonesia are included in the "good" category regarding the training environment. Training environment variables show valid and reliable data, formed from various aspects and indicators. Aspects related to facilities have a large role in representing the training environment, while family aspects are less prominent in describing the training environment. The measurement model of training environment variables is in line with empirical data. This research can test the harmony between the theoretical model of training environment variables and the empirical data contained in the training environment.
Key words: training environment, student athlete, validity and reliability, confirmatory factor analysis
Citas
Cho, K., Tsuda, E., & Oh, D. (2023). School Sports Club in South Korea: Supporting Middle School Students’ Physical Activity Engagement and Social-Emotional Development in Schools. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation and Dance, 94(4), 9–13. https://doi.org/10.1080/07303084.2023.2172110
Costa, S., Santi, G., di Fronso, S., Montesano, C., Di Gruttola, F., Ciofi, E. G., Morgilli, L., & Bertollo, M. (2020). Athletes and adversities: athletic identity and emotional regulation in time of COVID-19. Sport Sciences for Health, 16(4), 609–618. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11332-020-00677-9
Dash, G., & Paul, J. (2021). CB-SEM vs PLS-SEM methods for research in social sciences and technology forecasting. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 173(June), 121092. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2021.121092
Do Nascimento Junior, J. R. A., DE OLIVEIRA, L. P., Vissoci, J. R. N., Ferreira, L., Fiorese, L., Freire, G. L. M., DA SILVA, A. A., DE MORAES, J. F. V. N., & Vieira, J. L. L. (2020). Perfectionism traits and coping strategies in soccer: A study on athletes’ training environment. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 20(2), 658–665. https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2020.02096
Dohme, L.-C., Piggott, D., Backhouse, S., & Morgan, G. (2019). Psychological Skills and Characteristic Facilitative of Youth Athletes’ Development: A Systematic Review. Journal of Activity & Health, 33(4), 261–275. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1123/tsp.2018-0014
Glazier, P. S. (2017). Towards a Grand Unified Theory of sports performance. Human Movement Science, 56, 139–156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2015.08.001
Latief, H., Suherman, W. S., Rismayanthi, C., Alim, A., Huda, M. S., Yulianto, W. D., & Prabowo, T. A. (2024). The influence of performance in training on self-confidence of wheelchair athletes with coach-athlete intimacy as a moderating variable. Retos, 58, 760–768. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v58.103726
Imtihansyah, R., Tomoliyus, T., Sukamti, E. R., Fauzi, F., Prabowo, T. A., Prayoga, H. D., Fitrianto, A. T., & Amalia, B. (2024). The Impact of Parental Support on Performance Achievement through Achievement Motivation in Elite Athletes in South Kalimantan, Indonesia: A Cross-Sectional Study with Structural Equation Modeling Analysis. Retos, 57, 346–354. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v57.105996
Jeong, Y., Kim, E., & Kim, S. K. (2020). Understanding active sport tourist behaviors in small-scale sports events: Stimulus-organism-response approach. Sustainability (Switzerland), 12(19), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12198192
Kean, B., Gray, M., Verdonck, M., Burkett, B., & Oprescu, F. (2017). The impact of the environment on elite wheelchair basketball athletes: a cross-case comparison. Qualitative Research in Sport, Exercise and Health, 9(4), 485–498. https://doi.org/10.1080/2159676X.2017.1311278
Kovacs, K., Földi, R. F., Smohai, M., Géczi, G., & Ginger, N. (2020). The Parental Involvement in sport Questionnaire is a domestic adaptation. Journal of Mental Health and Psychosomatics, 21(2), 208–233. https://doi.org/10.1556/0406.21.2020.010
Kovacs, K., Olah, A. J., & Pusztai, G. (2024). The role of parental involvement in academic and sports achievement. Heliyon, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24290
Kunkel, T., Doyle, J., & Na, S. (2022). Becoming more than an athlete: developing an athlete’s personal brand using strategic philanthropy. European Sport Management Quarterly, 22(3), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1080/16184742.2020.1791208
Lima, K. E. F., Freire, G. L. M., Sousa, V. da C., Contreira, A. R., de Moraes, J. F. V. N., & Do Nascimento Junior, J. R. de A. (2022). Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of the Self Report Emotional Intelligence Test (SSEIT) among Brazilian athletes. Acta Colombiana de Psicologia, 22(1), 121–136. https://doi.org/10.14718/ACP.2022.25.1.9
Malkoç, A., Aslan Gördesli, M., Arslan, R., Çekici, F., & Aydın Sünbül, Z. (2018). Interpersonal Emotion Regulation Scale (IERS): Adaptation and Psychometric Properties in a Turkish Sample. International Journal of Assessment Tools in Education, 5(4), 754–762. https://doi.org/10.21449/ijate.481162
Mandan, A., Tomoliyus, T., Alim, A., & Prabowo, T. A. (2024). The Impact of Service Quality on Self-Confidence of Wheelchair Athletes : An Analysis of Family Support as Moderator. Sport Mont, 22(2), 3–9. https://doi.org/10.26773/smj.240717
Moradi, J., Bahrami, A., & Dana, A. (2020). Motivation for participation in sports based on athletes in team and individual sports. Physical Culture and Sport, Studies and Research, 85(1), 14–21. https://doi.org/10.2478/pcssr-2020-0002
Ntomali, S., Psychountaki, M., Kyprianou, M., & Chairopoulou, C. (2017). The Moderation Effect of Athletic Maturity on the Association between Perceived Leadership Behavior and Athlete Satisfaction. International Journal of Psychological Studies, 9(4), 24. https://doi.org/10.5539/ijps.v9n4p24
O’Connor, J., & Penney, D. (2021). Informal sport and curriculum futures: An investigation of the knowledge, skills and understandings for participation and the possibilities for physical education. European Physical Education Review, 27(1), 3–26. https://doi.org/10.1177/1356336X20915937
Palevych, S., Kyrpenko, V., Piddubny, A., Bozhko, S., Zh, T., Anthonny, M., Velez, M., Anibal, F., Velez, M., Armando, J., Vinueza, M., Antonio, F., Leon, M., Palevych, S., Kyrpenko, V., Piddubny, A., Bozhko, S., Zh, T., Anthonny, M., … Leon, M. (2021). Structural validity of the physical fitness test battery. Health, Sport, Rehabilitation, 7(4), 84–97. https://doi.org/10.34142/HSR.2021.07.04.07
Prabowo, T. A. (2024). Athletes’ Satisfaction Towards Sport Training: an Initial Investigation and Development of Questionnaire. European Journal of Physical Education and Sport Science, 11(1), 80–95. https://doi.org/10.46827/ejpe.v11i1.5365
Prabowo, T. A., Sukamti, E. R., Fauzi, Tomoliyus, & Hariono, A. (2024). The effect of service quality on the safety of boxing athletes’ training in Indonesia. Sport TK, 13. https://doi.org/10.6018/sportk.572861
Puyenbroeck, V., Stef;, Stouten, J., & Vande Broek, G. (2017). Coaching is Teamwork! The Role of Need -Supportive Coaching and the Motivational Climate in Stimulating Proactivity in Volleyball Teams. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 28(1), 319–328. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijlh.12426
Rahayu, A., Sumaryanti, & Arovah, N. I. (2022). the Validity and Reliability of the Physical Activity Questionnaires (Paq-a) Among Indonesian Adolescents During Online and Blended Learning Schooling. Physical Education Theory and Methodology, 22(2), 173–179. https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2022.2.04
Rice, S., Walton, C. C., Pilkington, V., Gwyther, K., Olive, L. S., Lloyd, M., Kountouris, A., Butterworth, M., Clements, M., & Purcell, R. (2022). Psychological safety in elite sport settings: a psychometric study of the Sport Psychological Safety Inventory. BMJ Open Sport and Exercise Medicine, 8(2), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2021-001251
Sallam, M., Cristian, P., & Carmen, B. (2022). Effect of mental toughness training on performance strategies and performance level of complex skills for youth epee fencers. Science, Movement and Health, 22(1), 48–54. https://www.analefefs.ro/en/anale-fefs/2022/i1/pe-autori/11. MAHMOUD SALLAM, POPA CRISTIAN, BOTEA CARMEN.pdf
Shahabi, M., Hasani, J., & Bjureberg, J. (2020). Psychometric Properties of the Brief Persian Version of the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (The DERS-16). Assessment for Effective Intervention, 45(2), 135–143. https://doi.org/10.1177/1534508418800210
Sridana, R., Tomoliyus, T., Sukamti, E. R., Prabowo, T. A., & Abrori, R. B. (2024). The Effect of Coaching Style on Performance of Athletes Through Anxiety as Mediating Variable in Adolescent Swimmers. Retos, 55, 241–248. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v55.103150
Tang, Y., Liu, Y., Jing, L., Wang, H., & Yang, J. (2022). Mindfulness and Regulatory Emotional Self-Efficacy of Injured Athletes Returning to Sports: The Mediating Role of Competitive State Anxiety and Athlete Burnout. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(18). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191811702
Vargas, P. P. I., Rinaldi, I. P. B., & Capraro, A. M. (2022). Parental support in men’s artistic gymnastics: listening to the athletes of the Brazilian team. Retos, 46, 916–924. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v46.94569
Wan, Y., & Tang, H. (2022). Design of Optimization Algorithm for Configuration of Amateur Sports Training Equipment in Smart City Community. Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/9572395
Wibowo, M. S. R., Prasetyo, Y., Sriwahyuniati, C. F., Yulianto, W. D., & Prabowo, T. A. (2024). The effect of self-efficacy, social support, and achievement motivation on archery athlete’s performance. Retos, 54, 348–354. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v54.102211
Wijayanti, N. P. N., Tomoliyus, Alim, A., Wedi, S., Artanayasa, W., Sudiana, K., Sukamti, E. R., Fauzi, Hariono, A., & Prabowo, T. A. (2024). The influence of coaches’ behavior on achievement motivation and performance of Riau athletes. Sport TK, 13. https://doi.org/10.6018/sportk.564811
Woods, C. T., Rothwell, M., Rudd, J., Robertson, S., & Davids, K. (2021). Representative co-design: Utilising a source of experiential knowledge for athlete development and performance preparation. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 52, 101804. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2020.101804
Xiang, C., Tengku Kamalden, T. F., Liu, H., & Ismail, N. (2022). Exploring the Multidisciplinary Factors Affecting Sports Talent Identification. Frontiers in Psychology, 13(July), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.948121
Yaffe, Y., Levental, O., Arey, D. L., & Lev, A. (2021). Morality and Values in Sports Among Young Athletes: The Role of Sport Type and Parenting Styles – A Pilot Study. Frontiers in Psychology, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.618507
Zappullo, I., Conson, M., Baiano, C., Cecere, R., Raimo, G., & Kirby, A. (2023). The Relationships between Self-Reported Motor Functioning and Autistic Traits: The Italian Version of the Adult Developmental Coordination Disorders/Dyspraxia Checklist (ADC). International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(2), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20021101
Zhang, T., & Shi, Z. (2022). Research on the Evaluation Model of Athletes Youth Mental Health Education in the context of Positive Psychology. Revista de Psicologia Del Deporte, 31(2), 132–141. https://www.rpd-online.com/index.php/rpd/article/view/723
Zhang, Y., Kim, E., & Xing, Z. (2021). Image congruence between sports event and host city and its impact on attitude and behavior intention. International Journal of Sports Marketing and Sponsorship, 22(1), 67–86. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSMS-03-2020-0040
Descargas
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2024 Retos
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.
Los autores que publican en esta revista están de acuerdo con los siguientes términos:
- Los autores conservan los derechos de autor y garantizan a la revista el derecho de ser la primera publicación de su obra, el cuál estará simultáneamente sujeto a la licencia de reconocimiento de Creative Commons que permite a terceros compartir la obra siempre que se indique su autor y su primera publicación esta revista.
- Los autores pueden establecer por separado acuerdos adicionales para la distribución no exclusiva de la versión de la obra publicada en la revista (por ejemplo, situarlo en un repositorio institucional o publicarlo en un libro), con un reconocimiento de su publicación inicial en esta revista.
- Se permite y se anima a los autores a difundir sus trabajos electrónicamente (por ejemplo, en repositorios institucionales o en su propio sitio web) antes y durante el proceso de envío, ya que puede dar lugar a intercambios productivos, así como a una citación más temprana y mayor de los trabajos publicados (Véase The Effect of Open Access) (en inglés).
Esta revista sigue la "open access policy" de BOAI (1), apoyando los derechos de los usuarios a "leer, descargar, copiar, distribuir, imprimir, buscar o enlazar los textos completos de los artículos".
(1) http://legacy.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/boaifaq.htm#openaccess
