El desarrollo del modelo de proceso de entrenamiento del Programa Nacional de Desarrollo del Fútbol (NFDP): Énfasis en el enfoque del juego reducido (SSG) (The Development of the National Football Development Program (NFDP) Coaching Process Model: Emphasis on Small Sided Game (SSG) Approach)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v57.103084Palabras clave:
Jogo reduzido (SSG), modelo de processo de treinamento, treinadores de futebol do NFDPResumen
Los juegos reducidos (SSG) se juegan en áreas de campo reducidas, a menudo utilizando reglas modificadas e involucrando a un número menor de jugadores que el fútbol tradicional. Estos juegos están menos estructurados que los métodos tradicionales de entrenamiento físico, pero son ejercicios de entrenamiento muy populares para jugadores de todas las edades y niveles. En la actualidad, hay relativamente poca información sobre cómo se pueden utilizar mejor los SSG para mejorar las capacidades físicas y las habilidades técnicas o tácticas de los futbolistas. Sin embargo, muchas variables prescriptivas controladas por el entrenador pueden influir en la intensidad del ejercicio durante los SSG. En el contexto de la instrucción de fútbol, los SSG se emplean con frecuencia para brindar un método atractivo para preservar la dinámica de un juego oficial mientras se realizan modificaciones particulares para concentrarse en ciertos comportamientos y movimientos. Los modelos de coaching proporcionan información y pautas sobre lo que hacen los coaches. El propósito del estudio es construir un modelo de proceso de coaching basado en el enfoque del "Juego Pequeño". En este estudio se utilizó el método cualitativo. El investigador utilizó un muestreo de bola de nieve en el que se entrevistó a 10 entrenadores de escuelas deportivas bajo el programa NFDP. El número de participantes estuvo determinado por la saturación de información. La variación en la intensidad del ejercicio durante los SSG puede mejorar con el estímulo constante del entrenador, pero sigue siendo más variable que los métodos de entrenamiento genéricos tradicionales. Los SSG que contienen menos jugadores pueden exceder la intensidad del partido y provocar intensidades similares a las carreras en intervalos de alta intensidad, tanto de larga como de corta duración. Este estudio implicó la construcción de un modelo de proceso de entrenamiento de fútbol que pueda beneficiar el desarrollo del fútbol nacional a nivel base y proporcionar fuentes alternativas de conocimiento para que los profesores o entrenadores de fútbol entrenen a sus equipos de fútbol.
Palabras clave: Juego reducido (SSG), modelo de proceso de entrenamiento, entrenadores de fútbol del NFDP
Abstract. Small-sided games (SSGs) are played on reduced pitch areas, often using modified rules and involving a smaller number of players than traditional football. These games are less structured than traditional fitness training methods but are very popular training drills for players of all ages and levels. At present, there is relatively little information regarding how SSGs can best be used to improve physical capacities and technical or tactical skills in footballers. However, many prescriptive variables controlled by the coach can influence the exercise intensity during SSGs. In the context of soccer instruction, SSGs are frequently employed to give an engaging method of preserving the dynamics of an official game while making particular alterations to concentrate on certain behaviors and movements. Models for coaching provides some insight and guidelines into what coaches do. The purpose of the study is to build a coaching process model based on the "Small Sided Game" approach. The qualitative method was conducted in this study. The researcher used snowball sampling in which 10 sports schools coaches under NFDP program were interviewed. The numbers of participants were determined by saturation of information. The variation in exercise intensity during SSGs can improved with consistent coach encouragement but it is still more variable than traditional generic training methods. SSGs containing fewer players can exceed match intensity and elicit similar intensities to both long- and short-duration high- intensity interval running. This study implied the construction of the football coaching process model that can benefit the national football development at the grassroots level and provide alternative sources of knowledge for teachers or football coaches to coach their football teams.
Keywords: Small Sided Game (SSG), Coaching Process Model, NFDP Football Coaches
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