Age-dependent changes in physical performance in community dwelling elderly women. A cross-sectional study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v48.97070Keywords:
Aging, Functional mobility, Falls, Timed up and go, Sit to standAbstract
Aging process is accompanied by a gradual and sustained loss of physical abilities which leads to a progressive muscle weakness with important consequences for daily living especially in women. This study aimed was to analyze the differences by ages in dynamic balance and lower limb strength in community-dwelling women, and secondly to assess the differences in dynamic balance scores and lower limb strength between fallers and non-fallers in community-dwelling women. A total of 1025 community-dwelling women were recruited for the study. The sample were divided into six groups based on age: G1, from 60-65 yrs. (n=282); G2, from 66-70 yrs. (n=178); G3, from 71-75 yrs. (n=108); G4 from 76-80 yrs. (n=397); G5 from 81-85 yrs. (n=51) and G6, from 86-90 yrs. (n=9). The number of falls during the last year were also recorded. Significant differences were found in Sit to stand test (STS) and Timed up and go test (TUG) scores among age groups (p≤0.05). Additionally, poorer scores were found between fallers than non-fallers group (p≤0.05) both in STS and TUG test. Physical fitness performance decline as age group increase, and this decline is more striking after 70 years in community dwelling elderly women. In addition, faller elderly women show poorer scores in TUG and STS than non-fallers, reinforcing the idea that lower limb muscle strength and dynamic balance play an important role in falls in elderly women.
Key words: Aging, Functional mobility, Falls, timed up and go, sit to stand
References
Alcazar, J., Kamper, R. S., Aagaard, P., Haddock, B., Prescott, E., Ara, I., & Suetta, C. (2020). Relation between leg extension power and 30-s sit-to-stand muscle power in older adults: validation and translation to functional performance. Sci Rep, 10(1), 16337. doi:10.1038/s41598-020-73395-4
Asai, T., Oshima, K., Fukumoto, Y., Yonezawa, Y., Matsuo, A., & Misu, S. (2021). Does dual-tasking provide additional value in timed "up and go" test for predicting the occurrence of falls? A longitudinal observation study by age group (young-older or old-older adults). Aging Clin Exp Res, 33(1), 77-84. doi:10.1007/s40520-020-01510-6
Barry, E., Galvin, R., Keogh, C., Horgan, F., & Fahey, T. (2014). Is the Timed Up and Go test a useful predictor of risk of falls in community dwelling older adults: a systematic review and meta- analysis. Bmc Geriatrics, 14. doi:Artn 14
1186/1471-2318-14-14
Beauchet, O., Fantino, B., Allali, G., Muir, S. W., Montero-Odasso, M., & Annweiler, C. (2011). Timed up and Go Test and Risk of Falls in Older Adults: A Systematic Review. Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging, 15(10), 933-938. doi:DOI 10.1007/s12603-011-0062-0
Benavent-Caballer, V., Sendin-Magdalena, A., Lison, J. F., Rosado-Calatayud, P., Amer-Cuenca, J. J., Salvador-Coloma, P., & Segura-Orti, E. (2016). Physical factors underlying the Timed "Up and Go" test in older adults. Geriatr Nurs, 37(2), 122-127. doi:10.1016/j.gerinurse.2015.11.002
Bernardi, M., Rosponi, A., Castellano, V., Rodio, A., Traballesi, M., Delussu, A. S., & Marchetti, M. (2004). Determinants of sit-to-stand capability in the motor impaired elderly. J Electromyogr Kinesiol, 14(3), 401-410. doi:10.1016/j.jelekin.2003.09.001
Bisciotti, A., Bisciotti, A., & Bisciotti, G. N. (2022). The risk of fracture following a fall in elderly subjects and the role of physical activity: a systematic review Il rischio di frattura a seguito di caduta nell'anziano: una revisione sistematica della letteratura. Medicina Dello Sport, 75(1), 158-186. doi:10.23736/S0025-7826.22.04041-8
Bower, K., Thilarajah, S., Pua, Y. H., Williams, G., Tan, D., Mentiplay, B., . . . Clark, R. (2019). Dynamic balance and instrumented gait variables are independent predictors of falls following stroke. J Neuroeng Rehabil, 16(1), 3. doi:10.1186/s12984-018-0478-4
Buatois, S., Perret-Guillaume, C., Gueguen, R., Miget, P., Vancon, G., Perrin, P., & Benetos, A. (2010). A simple clinical scale to stratify risk of recurrent falls in community-dwelling adults aged 65 years and older. Physical Therapy, 90(4), 550-560. doi:10.2522/ptj.20090158
de Souza Moreira, B., Mourao Barroso, C., Cavalcanti Furtado, S. R., Sampaio, R. F., Drumond das Chagas e Vallone, M. L., & Kirkwood, R. N. (2015). Clinical functional tests help identify elderly women highly concerned about falls. Exp Aging Res, 41(1), 89-103. doi:10.1080/0361073X.2015.978214
Gibson, M. J., Andres, R. O., Isaacs, B., Radebaugh, T., & Wormpetersen, J. (1987). The Prevention of Falls in Later Life - a Report of the Kellogg-International-Work-Group on the Prevention of Falls by the Elderly. Danish Medical Bulletin, 34, 1-24. Retrieved from ://WOS:A1987H254100001
Glenn, J. M., Gray, M., & Binns, A. (2017). Relationship of Sit-to-Stand Lower-Body Power With Functional Fitness Measures Among Older Adults With and Without Sarcopenia. J Geriatr Phys Ther, 40(1), 42-50. doi:10.1519/JPT.0000000000000072
Gray, M., & Paulson, S. (2014). Developing a measure of muscular power during a functional task for older adults. Bmc Geriatrics, 14, 145. doi:10.1186/1471-2318-14-145
Ikezoe, T., Mori, N., Nakamura, M., & Ichihashi, N. (2011). Age-related muscle atrophy in the lower extremities and daily physical activity in elderly women. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 53(2), E153-E157. doi:10.1016/j.archger.2010.08.003
Jerez-Mayorga, D., Miranda-Fuentes, C., Pérez-Doncel, J., Rool-Maureira, B., Saavedra-Rincón, F., Zambra-Álvarez, R., . . . Guede-Rojas, F. (2022). Velocidad de la prueba sentado-de pie de cinco repeticiones en adultos mayores: Una revisión sistemática. Retos, 45, 714-722. doi:https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v45i0.92502
Keller, K., & Engelhardt, M. (2013). Strength and muscle mass loss with aging process. Age and strength loss. Muscles Ligaments Tendons J, 3(4), 346-350. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24596700
Langeard, A., Houdeib, R., Saillant, K., Kaushal, N., Lussier, M., & Bherer, L. (2019). Switching Ability Mediates the Age-Related Difference in Timed Up and Go Performance. J Alzheimers Dis, 71(s1), S23-S28. doi:10.3233/JAD-181176
Larsson, B. A. M., Johansson, L., Johansson, H., Axelsson, K. F., Harvey, N., Vandenput, L., . . . Lorentzon, M. (2021). The timed up and go test predicts fracture risk in older women independently of clinical risk factors and bone mineral density. Osteoporos Int, 32(1), 75-84. doi:10.1007/s00198-020-05681-w
Liang, M. T., & Cameron Chumlea, W. M. (1998). Balance and strength of elderly Chinese men and women. J Nutr Health Aging, 2(1), 21-27. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10995075
Lima, M., Rodrigues, S. R., Bezerra, P., Rodrigues, L. P., & Cancela, J. M. (2020). Monitorization of Timed Up and Go Phases in Elderly. Physical & Occupational Therapy in Geriatrics, 39(2), 169-181. doi:10.1080/02703181.2020.1836111
Makizako, H., Shimada, H., Doi, T., Tsutsumimoto, K., Lee, S., Lee, S. C., . . . Suzuki, T. (2017). Age-dependent changes in physical performance and body composition in community-dwelling Japanese older adults. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle, 8(4), 607-614. doi:10.1002/jcsm.12197
Makizako, H., Shimada, H., Doi, T., Tsutsumimoto, K., Nakakubo, S., Hotta, R., & Suzuki, T. (2017). Predictive Cutoff Values of the Five-Times Sit-to-Stand Test and the Timed "Up & Go" Test for Disability Incidence in Older People Dwelling in the Community. Physical Therapy, 97(4), 417-424. doi:10.2522/ptj.20150665
Marques, E. A., Baptista, F., Santos, R., Vale, S., Santos, D. A., Silva, A. M., . . . Sardinha, L. B. (2014). Normative functional fitness standards and trends of Portuguese older adults: cross-cultural comparisons. J Aging Phys Act, 22(1), 126-137. doi:10.1123/japa.2012-0203
Medley, A., & Thompson, M. (2015). Contribution of age and balance confidence to functional mobility test performance: diagnostic accuracy of L test and normal-paced timed up and go. J Geriatr Phys Ther, 38(1), 8-16. doi:10.1519/JPT.0000000000000015
Milanovic, Z., Pantelic, S., Trajkovic, N., Sporis, G., Kostic, R., & James, N. (2013). Age-related decrease in physical activity and functional fitness among elderly men and women. Clin Interv Aging, 8, 549-556. doi:10.2147/CIA.S44112
Moreland, J. D., Richardson, J. A., Goldsmith, C. H., & Clase, C. M. (2004). Muscle weakness and falls in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 52(7), 1121-1129. doi:DOI 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2004.52310.x
Nightingale, C. J., Mitchell, S. N., & Butterfield, S. A. (2019). Validation of the Timed Up and Go Test for Assessing Balance Variables in Adults Aged 65 and Older. J Aging Phys Act, 27(2), 230-233. doi:10.1123/japa.2018-0049
Peña, J. C., Martin-Aleman, W. F., Alberto-Cardozo, L., Castillo-Daza, C. A., Andres-Yanez, C., & Tellez Tinjca, L. A. (2022). Efectos de la secuencia de ejercicios intrasesión del entrenamiento concurrente sobre la composición corporal y la aptitud física de las mujeres mayores. Retos, 45, 760-766. doi:https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v45i0.92613
Reynaud, V., Muti, D., Pereira, B., Greil, A., Caillaud, D., Richard, R., . . . Costes, F. (2019). A TUG Value Longer Than 11 s Predicts Fall Risk at 6-Month in Individuals with COPD. J Clin Med, 8(10). doi:10.3390/jcm8101752
Rikli, R. E., & Jones, C. J. (2013). Development and Validation of Criterion-Referenced Clinically Relevant Fitness Standards for Maintaining Physical Independence in Later Years. Gerontologist, 53(2), 255-267. doi:10.1093/geront/gns071
Sardinha, L. B., Santos, D. A., Marques, E. A., & Mota, J. (2015). Criterion-referenced fitness standards for predicting physical independence into later life. Exp Gerontol, 61, 142-146. doi:10.1016/j.exger.2014.12.012
Ziegl, A., Hayn, D., Kastner, P., Loffler, K., Weidinger, L., Brix, B., . . . Schreier, G. (2020). Quantitative falls risk assessment in elderly people: results from a clinical study with distance based timed up-and-go test recordings. Physiol Meas, 41(11), 115006. doi:10.1088/1361-6579/abc352
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Retos
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and ensure the magazine the right to be the first publication of the work as licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of authorship of the work and the initial publication in this magazine.
- Authors can establish separate additional agreements for non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in the journal (eg, to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Is allowed and authors are encouraged to disseminate their work electronically (eg, in institutional repositories or on their own website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as to a subpoena more Early and more of published work (See The Effect of Open Access) (in English).
This journal provides immediate open access to its content (BOAI, http://legacy.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/boaifaq.htm#openaccess) on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge. The authors may download the papers from the journal website, or will be provided with the PDF version of the article via e-mail.
