Adaptation of Eston-Parfitt perceived exertion scale for youth futsal players
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v43i0.88277Keywords:
Sport pedagogy, RPE, heart rate, oxigen consumption, teaching-learning contexts, youth sportsAbstract
The aim of the study was to obtain the content validity of the Eston-Parfitt Scale (E-P) to measure the perceived exertion of youth futsal players. For this purpose, content validity was obtained through consultation with experts and children. Participants were 34 experts and 44 futsal players. The experts were asked to evaluate the degree of understanding and qualitative and quantitative adequacy of the header, graphs, labels, numberical range and curve. Once the evaluations provided by the experts were obtained, the scale was modified according to the comments received. When the new version of the scale was obtained, the content validity was assessed by the players. The experts rated the header, graphs, labels, numerical range, and curve, positively in terms of comprehension and appropriateness. However, all the experts’ suggestions were addressed. Players demonstrated that the instrument was comprehensible, because at least the 90% of them answered the three questions correctly. Consequently, a more tailored assessment of 9-12-year-olds futsal players’ perceived exertion can be made through the present scale, because it was adapted to them.
References
Álvarez, J., Murillo, V., Usan, P., Ros, R., & Manonelles, P. (2016). Percepción subjetiva como método de control de la intensidad en fútbol sala. Retos: Nuevas Tendencias en Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación, 30, 9-14. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i30.35128
Barbero-Álvarez, J., Soto, V., Barbero-Álvarez, & Granda-Vera, J. (2008). Match analysis and heart rate of futsal players during competition. Journal of Sports Sciences, 26, 63-73. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410701287289
Borg, G. (1970). Perceived exertion as an indicator of somatic stress. Scandinavian Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine, 3, 82-88. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2018-29834-001
Borg, G. A. V. (1982). Psychophysical bases of perceived exertion. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 14, 377-381. https://doi.org/10.1249/00005768-198205000-00012
Borg, G. (1998). Borg´s perceived exertion and pain scales. Champaign, Ill: Human Kinetics.
Bulger, S., & Housner, L. (2007). Modified delphi investigation of exercise science in physical education teacher education. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 26, 57-80. https://doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.26.1.57
Carretero-Dios, H., & Pérez, C. (2005). Normas para el desarrollo y revisión de estudios instrumentales. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 5, 521-551. https://www.redalyc.org/pdf/337/33705307.pdf
Eston, R., Lamb, K., Bain, A., Williams, A., & Williams, J. (1994). Validity of a perceived exertion scale for children: A pilot study. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 78, 691-697. https://doi.org/10.2466/pms.1994.78.2.691
Eston, R. G., Lambrick, D. M., & Rowlands, A. V. (2009). The perceptual response to exercise of progressively increasing intensity in children aged 7-8 years: Validation of a pictorial curvilinear ratings of perceived exertion scale. Psychophysiology, 46, 843-851. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8986.2009.00826.x
Eston, R., & Parfitt, G. (2007). Perceived exertion. En N. Armstrong (Ed.), Paediatric Exercise Physiology (pp. 275-297). London: Elsevier.
Eston, R., Parfitt, C., Campbell, L., & Lamb, K. (2000). Reliability of effort perception for regulating exercise intensity in children using the Cart and Load Effort Rating (CALER) Scale. Pediatric Exercise Science, 12, 388-397. https://doi.org/10.1123/pes.12.4.388
Foster, C., Florhaug, J. A., Franklin, J., Gottschall, L., Hrovatin, L. A., Parker, S., ...Dodge, C. (2001). A new approach to monitoring exercise training. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 15, 109-115. https://doi.org/10.1519/00124278-200102000-00019
Freitas, V. H. D., Miloski, B., & Bara Filho, M. G. (2012). Quantification of training load using session RPE method and performance in futsal. Revista Brasileira de Cineantropometria & Desempenho Humano, 14, 73-82. https://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1980-00372012000100008
Fuentes, M., Feu, S., Jiménez, C., & Calleja-González, J. (2013). Perceived exertion effort in mini basketball players and its relationship with training volumen. Revista de Psicología del Deporte, 22, 205-208. https://revistes.uab.cat/rpd/article/viewFile/1323/915
Groslambert, A., & Mahon, A. (2006). Perceived exertion influence of age and cognitive development. Sports Medicine, 36, 911-928. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200636110-00001
Lamb, K. L., Parfitt, G., & Eston, R. G., (2017). Effort perception. En N. Armstrong, & W. Van Mechelen (Eds.), Oxford textbook of children's sport and exercise medicine (3rd ed). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Lambrick, D., Rowlands, A., & Eston, R. (2011). The perceptual response to treadmill exercise using the Eston-Parfitt scale and marble dropping task, in children age 7 to 8 years. Pediatric Exercise Science, 23, 36-48. https://doi.org/10.1123/pes.23.1.36
Machado, A. A., Bezerra, I. S., Ponciano, K. R., Rica, R. L., Gama, E. F., Junior, A. F., ...Bocalini, D. S. (2018). Futsal as a strategy for the improvement of elementary abilities and for the development of the body image in children. Motricidade, 14, 11-19. https://doi.org/10.6063/motricidade.12299
Milanez, V., Pedro, R., Moreira, A., Boullosa, D., Salle-Neto, F., & Nakmura, F. (2011). The role of aerobic fitness on session rating of perceived exertion in futsal players. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 6, 358-366. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.6.3.358
Moore, R., Bullough, S., Goldsmith, S., & Edmondson, L. (2014). A systematic review of futsal literature. American Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 2, 108-116. https://doi.org/10.12691/ajssm-2-3-8
Parfitt, G., Shepherd, P., & Eston, R. (2007). Reliability of effort production using the children’s CALER and BABE perceived exertion scales. Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness, 5, 49-55. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Roger-Eston/publication/228646048_Reliability_of_effort_production_using_the_children%27s_CALER_and_BABE_perceived_exertion_scales/links/5a307421458515a13d855119/Reliability-of-effort-production-using-the-childrens-CALER-and-BABE-perceived-exertion-scales.pdf
Piaget, J. (1972). Intellectual evolution from adolescence to adulthood. Human Development, 15, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1159/000112531
Rabelo, F. N., Pasquarelli, B. N., Gonçalves, B., Matzenbacher, F., Campos, F. A., Sampaio, J., & Nakamura, F. Y. (2016). Monitoring the intended and perceived training load of a professional futsal team over 45 weeks: a case study. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 30, 134-140. https://doi.org/10.1519/jsc.0000000000001090
Raya-González, J., & Castillo, D. (2020). quantification of perceived effort in elite young footballers throughout a season. Apunts. Educación Física y Deportes, 140, 63-69. https://doi.org/10.5672/apunts.2014-0983.es.(2020/2).140.09
Robertson, R., Goss, F., Aandreacci, J., Dube, J., Rutkowski, J., Snee, B., …Metz, K. (2005). Validation of the children’s OMNI RPE scale for stepping exercise. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 37, 290-298. https://doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000149888.39928.9f
Robertson, R., Goss, F., Boer, N., Gallagher J., Thompkins, T., Bufalino, K., …Williams, A. (2001). OMNI scale perceived exertion at ventilatory breakpoint in children: Response normalized. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 3, 1946-1952. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-200111000-00022
Sousa, H. J., Gouveia, É. R., Marques, A., Sarmento, H., Caldeira, R., Freitas, R., ...Ihle, A. (2021). The effect of balanced and unbalanced soccer small-sided games on the rating of perceived exertion in youth players. Retos: Nuevas Tendencias en Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación, 41, 440-446. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i41.83091
Schafer, M., Robertson, R., Thekkada, S., Gallagher, M., Hunt, S., Goss, F., & Aaron, D. (2013). Validation of the OMNI RPE seven day exertional recall questionnaire. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 84, 363-372. https://doi.org/10.1080/02701367.2013.814042
Uchida, M., Teixeira, L., Godoi, V., Marchetti, P., Conte, M., Coutts, A., & Bacuran, R. (2014). Does the timing of measurement alter session-RPE in boxers? Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 13, 1-7. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3918568/
Yelling, M., Lamb, K., & Swaine, I. (2002). Validity of a pictorial perceived exertion scale for effort estimation and effort production during stepping exercise in adolescent children. European Physical Education Review, 8, 157-175. https://doi.org/10.1177/1356336x020082007
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Ana N. Martínez-López, María T. Morales-Belando, Pedro Jiménez-Reyes, José L. Arias-Estero

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and ensure the magazine the right to be the first publication of the work as licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of authorship of the work and the initial publication in this magazine.
- Authors can establish separate additional agreements for non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in the journal (eg, to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Is allowed and authors are encouraged to disseminate their work electronically (eg, in institutional repositories or on their own website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as to a subpoena more Early and more of published work (See The Effect of Open Access) (in English).
This journal provides immediate open access to its content (BOAI, http://legacy.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/boaifaq.htm#openaccess) on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge. The authors may download the papers from the journal website, or will be provided with the PDF version of the article via e-mail.