Dual task interference in children from 8 to 12 years old (Interferencia de las dobles tareas en niños de 8 a 12 años)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v43i0.87932Keywords:
Balance; memory; development, (Equilibrio; memoria; desarrollo)Abstract
Abstract. The main aim of this manuscript was to analyze the effect of dual task and their difficulty on the motor and cognitive performance using a postural control and a memory tasks in middle childhood group ages children, establishing the differences between the effect of the tasks in the different age groups. The study sample was composed by one hundred and sixteen children, between 8 and 12 years old. The participants completed three single tasks and two dual-tasks. The postural single task (EO) consisted in maintain the balance in the bipedal stance position and two cognitive single tasks performed were the Backward Digit Span Test with 3-Digits sequences length and the Backward Digit Span Test 5-Digits sequences length. The dual-tasks were the combination of the postural task and the cognitive tasks. Regarding the postural control measurement, CoP signals were acquired with a Wii Balance Board. The analysis performed showed that the younger groups (8-9 years old) had worse punctuations in postural control variables in dual-task conditions than the older age groups (11-12 years old), especially than the 12 years old group. Regarding the effect of dual task in postural control, in all groups between 9 to 12 years old, higher postural control and stability were observed during the execution of the 5D dual-task than during the 3D task. Finally, no differences were found in the number of correct answers in the cognitive task when performing a single or dual-task, in any age group.
Resumen. El objetivo principal de este manuscrito fue analizar el efecto de la doble tarea y su dificultad sobre el rendimiento motor y cognitivo mediante una tarea de control postural y otra de memoria en niños, estableciendo las diferencias entre el efecto de las tareas en los distintos grupos de edad. La muestra del estudio estuvo compuesta por ciento dieciséis niños, de entre 8 y 12 años de edad. Los participantes completaron tres tareas simples y dos tareas dobles. La tarea individual postural (EO) consistió en mantener el equilibrio en posición de bipedestación y las dos tareas individuales cognitivas realizadas fueron el Backward Digit Span Test con secuencias de 3 dígitos y el Backward Digit Span Test con secuencias de 5 dígitos. Las dobles tareas fueron la combinación de la tarea postural y las tareas cognitivas. En cuanto a la medición del control postural, las señales del CoP se adquirieron mediante una Wii Balance Board. El análisis realizado mostró que los grupos más jóvenes (8-9 años) obtuvieron peores puntuaciones en las variables de control postural en condiciones de doble tarea que los grupos de mayor edad (11-12 años), especialmente que el grupo de 12 años. En cuanto al efecto de la doble tarea sobre el control postural, en todos los grupos de 9 a 12 años se observó un mayor control postural y estabilidad durante la ejecución de la doble tarea 5D que durante la tarea 3D. Por último, no se encontraron diferencias en el número de respuestas correctas en la tarea cognitiva al realizar una tarea simple o dual, en ningún grupo de edad.
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Copyright (c) 2021 Adrià Marco-Ahulló, Raúl Fernández, Gonzalo Monfort-Torres, Pilar Bustillo-Casero, Jose Luis Bermejo, Xavier García-Massó
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