Rendimiento de los deportistas con discapacidad intelectual en pruebas motrices. Diferencias en función de la edad y el género (Performance of the athletes with intellectual impairment in motor tests. Differences in age and gender)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i27.34345Keywords:
discapacidad intelectual, pruebas motrices, deporte adaptadoAbstract
El primer objetivo de esta investigación fue examinar el rendimiento de deportistas con DI en 10 pruebas motrices, relacionadas con el empleo de las habilidades motrices. Adicionalmente, los resultados en todas las pruebas fueron correlacionados, tratando de establecer relaciones entre los diferentes rendimientos en cada una de ellas. El segundo objetivo fue explorar las diferencias en el rendimiento en función del sexo de los participantes. Y el tercer objetivo fue investigar las posibles diferencias en el rendimiento en las pruebas motrices en función de la edad de los participantes. Los resultados muestran una correlación muy alta entre la mayoría de los resultados en las pruebas motrices, indicando que los deportistas que obtenían puntuaciones altas lo lograban en gran variedad de pruebas. Además los hombres fueron significativamente mejores en las pruebas de tiro disco y desplazamiento utilizando diferentes apoyos. En cuanto al análisis en función de la edad, los deportistas del grupo juvenil fueron significativamente peores que el resto de sus compañeros en desplazamiento, precisión y raquetas y pelotas.
Palabras clave. discapacidad intelectual, pruebas motrices, deporte adaptado.
Abstract. The first aim of this paper was to examine the performance of athletes with ID in 10 motor tests, related with motor skills. Additionally, the results were correlated, trying to establish relationships between different performances in each of them. The second aim was to explore the differences in performance depending on the sex of the participants. The third aim was to investigate possible differences in motor performance tests based on the age of the participants. The results showed a high correlation between most of the results of the motor tests, indicating that athletes who were rated high they succeeded in a variety of tests. Men also were significantly better on tests of throwing disc and displacement using different props. In terms of age, athletes youth group were significantly worse than the rest of his teammates on the move, accuracy and racquets and balls.
Key words. intellectual impairment, motor test, adapted sport.
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