Body composition profile of Brazilian national circus school students
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v52.101121Keywords:
artes escénicas, masa corporal, antropometría, preparación físicaAbstract
Problem Statement. Professional education in circus has been increasing worldwide, placing the training programmes at the center of circus debate. Purpose. Concerning the physical demands of circus students, this research describes the body composition of Brazilian National Circus School students. Approach. Skinfold analyses was used to estimate body fat (%), fat free mass (kg) and body mass index (kg/m-2) in 57 students (n= 30 men, n= 27 women). Results. Men presented higher body weight, height, fat free mass (men 67.2 ± 7.0 kg and 45.7 ± 4.7 kg and for women), body mass index (men 24.1 ±1.6 kg/m2 and women 21.4 ± 2.0 kg/m2) and lower body fat (%) compared to women (men 7.2 ± 3.7 % and women 16.3 ± 3.7). The reassessment showed no differences in body composition for both sexes, a large heterogeneity of interindividual responses was observed (-3.9 to 4.0 for women; -1.5 to 6,5 men). Conclusions. The body fat and body mass index are similar to high performance athletes. No difference was observed between the assessments. The interindividual response to training showed no effect on body fat. However, the interindividual heterogeneity responses suggest adjustments of physical conditioning protocol in order to optimize the responses individually. The 7 or 3 skinfold protocol did not differ on the outcomes. Body composition of circus students’ needs to take into account the circus disciplines, age and biological diversity, and it is a key aspect to monitor training to avoid unsafe situations or unhealthy status.
Keywords: performing arts; anthropometry; body mass; physical training.
References
ACE. (n.d.) What are the guidelines for percentage of body fat loss? Ask the Expert. Available at: https://www.acefitness.org/resources/everyone/blog/112/what-are-the-guidelines-for-percentage-of-body-fat-loss/
Barreto, M., Duprat, R. M., & Bortoleto, M. A. C. (2021). From north to south: mapping circus training in Brazil. Urdimento: Revista De Estudos Em Artes Cênicas, 3(42), 1–32. https://doi.org/10.5965/1414573103422021e0210
Bland, J. M., & Altman D. G. (1986). Statistical methods for assessing agreement between two methods of clinical measurement. Lancet, 1, 307–10. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(86)90837-8
Bolling, C., Mellette J., Pasman, H. R., van Mechelen, W, & Verhagen, E. (2019). From the safety net to the injury prevention web: applying systems thinking to unravel injury prevention challenges and opportunities in Cirque du Soleil. BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine, 5. e000492. DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2018-000492
Bompa, T., & Haff, G. G. (2009). Periodization Methodology of Training. Leeds: Human Kinetics, 5th ed.
Bortoleto, M. A., Ontañón, T. B., & Silva, E. (2016). Circo: Horizontes Educativos. Campinas: Autores Associados.
Decker, A. (2020). Longitudinal Assessment of Physical, Physiological and Psychological. Characteristics of Elite Circus Stu-dent-Artists (Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation). Winnipeg: University of Manitoba. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/34784
Demey, S., & Wellington, J. (2010). Theory, Guidance and Good practice for Training. In: European Federation of Profession-al Circus Schools (FEDEC). RESOURCES Program. Available at: http://www.fedec.eu/en/articles/417-new-edition-of-chapter-1-theory-guidance-and-good-practice-for-training-2010
Deutz, R. C., Benardot, D., Martin, D. E., & Cody, M. M. (2000). Relationship between energy deficits and body composition in elite female gymnasts and runners. Medical Sciences Sports Exercise, 32(3), 659-68. DOI: 10.1097/00005768-200003000-00017
Dos Santos, C. A. (2017). Fascínio Circense. Arte e Pedagogia na Escola Nacional de Circo. São João Del Rei: Ed. Rona.
Ferreira João A., & Fernandes Filho J. (2015). Somatotype and body composition of elite Brazilian gymnasts. Science of Gymnastics Journal, 7:45–53. Available at: http://www.fsp.uni-lj.si./mma_bin.php?id=20150607175535
FUNARTE (2020). National Circus School Curriculum. Available at: https://www.funarte.gov.br/escola-nacional-de-circo-2/
Gomes, A. C., Landers, G. J., Binnie, M. J., Goods, P. S. R., Fulton, S. K., & Ackland, T. R. (2020). Body composi-tion assessment in athletes: Comparison of a novel ultrasound technique to traditional skinfold measures and crite-rion DXA measure. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 23(11), 1006-1010. DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2020.03.014
Goudard, P., & Chardon, C. (2010). Les arts du cirque, les guides santé au travail. Montpellier: Centre Médical de la Bourse.
Hakim, H., Puel, P., Forestier, N., & Bertucci, W. (2018). Circus Student-Artists Anthropometric characterization: preliminary study. J Phy Hea Spt Med. 1: 16-22, pp.16-22. DOI: 10.36811/jphsm.2019.110002
Hopkins, W. G., Hawley, J. A., & Burke, L. M. (1999). Design and analysis of research on sport performance en-hancement. Medicine Science Sports Exercise, 31 (3), 472-485. DOI: 10.1097/00005768-199903000-00018
Hotier, H. (2001). La fonction educative du cirque. Paris: L' Harmattan.
Irvine, S, Redding, E, & Rafferty, S. (2011). Dance Fitness. International Association for Dance Medicine and Science. Available at: https://iadms.org/media/5777/iadms-resource-paper-dance-fitness.pdf
Jackson, A., & Pollock, M. (1978). Generalized equation for predicting body density of men. British Journal of Nutri-tion, 40(3), 497-504. DOI: 10.1079/bjn19780152
Jackson, A., Pollock, M., & Ward, A. (1980). Generalized equation for predicting body density of women. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 12(3), 175-182. DOI: 10.1249/00005768-198023000-00009
Leroux, L. P., & Batson, C. R. (2016). Cirque Global - Quebec's Expanding Circus Boundaries. Montreal: McGill Press.
Mihajlović, B., & Mijatov, S. (2003). Body composition analysis in ballet dancers. Medicinski pregled, 56, 579-83. DOI: 10.2298/MPNS0312579M
Ontañón, T. B., Duprat, R. M., & Bortoleto, M. A. (2012). Educação Física e atividades circenses: “O estado da arte”. Movimento, 2, 149-168. DOI: 10.22456/1982-8918.22960
Petroski, E. L. (2007). Antropometria: técnicas e padronizações. 3. ed. Blumenau: Nova Letra.
Petroski, E. L., Pires-Neto, C. S., & Glaner, M. F. (2010). Biométrica. Jundiaí: Fontoura.
Pinto Guedes, D., César Franzini, P., Pires Júnior, R., & Moya Morales, J. M. (2017). Anthropometry and Physical Fitness of Latin American Adolescents. Retos, 31, 264–270. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i31.53501
Prior, R., Maxwell, I., Szabó, M., & Seton, M. (2015). Responsible care in actor training: effective support for occu-pational health training in drama schools. Theatre, Dance and Performance Training, 6:1, 59-71. DOI: 10.1080/19443927.2014.993568
Ramirez, G. M. (2005) L’entrâinement acrobatique au sein du Cirque: de l’infant à l’artiste – manuel pratique. Paris: L’Harmattan.
Sands, W. A., Slater, C., Mcneal, J. R., Murray, S. R., & Stone, M. H. (2012). Historical trends in the size of US Olympic female artistic gymnasts. International Journal of Sport Physiology, 7:350–356. DOI: 10.1123/ijspp.7.4.350
Shrier, I., Willem, H., Meeuwisse, J., Gordon, A., Wingfield, K., & Russel, S. (2009). Injury Patterns and Injury Rates in the Circus Arts: An analysis of 5 years of data from Cirque du Soleil. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 37 (6),1143. DOI: 10.1177/0363546508331138
Silva, E. (2015). Family-Circus, Theater-Circus: Is it Theatrer in the Circus. In: Brazilian Theater, 1970–2010. Essays on His-tory, Politics and Artistic Experimentation. Edited by Eva Paulino Bueno and Robson Corrêa de Camargo. Londres: McFarland & Company, Inc. Publishers.
Silva, M. R. G., Silva, H. H., & Paiva, T. (2018). Sleep duration, body composition, dietary profile and eating behav-iours among children and adolescents: a comparison between Portuguese acrobatic gymnasts. European Journal of Pediatrics, 177(6), 815–825. DOI: 10.1007/s00431-018-3124-z
SPSS (2009). IBM PASW Statistics for Windows, Version 18.0. Chicago: SPSS Inc.
Sterkowicz-Przybycień, K., Sterkowicz, S., Biskup, L., Żaro´w, R., Kryst, Ł., & Ozimek, M. (2019). Somatotype, body composition, and physical fitness in artistic gymnasts depending on age and preferred event. Plos One, 14(2). DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211533
Toboada-Iglesias, Y., Gutiérrez-Sánchez, Á., & Vernetta, M. (2015). Proportionality Indices and Body Composition of Elite Acrobatic Gymnasts. International Journal of Morphology, 33(3), 996-1001. DOI: 10.4067/S0717-95022015000300030
Vianna, C., & Magro, R. (org). (2019) Variations: Eight Shows of a Moving Circus. Rio de Janeiro: FUNARTE, ENC.
Vieira Santos, L. C., Aidar, F. J., Getirana-Mota , M. ., Vieira-Souza, L. M., Vieira, A. M. ., Pereira Santos, T., dos Santos, L., & Lima Cavendish, R. (2023). Kinetic-functional profile of rhythmic gymnastics athletes. Retos, 50, 593–598. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v50.99666
Wanke, E. M., McCormack, M., Koch, F., Wanke, A., & Groneberg D. A. (2012). Acute injuries in student circus artists with regard to gender specific differences. Asian J Sports Med; Sep;3(3):153-60. DOI: 10.5812/asjsm.34606
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Retos
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and ensure the magazine the right to be the first publication of the work as licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of authorship of the work and the initial publication in this magazine.
- Authors can establish separate additional agreements for non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in the journal (eg, to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Is allowed and authors are encouraged to disseminate their work electronically (eg, in institutional repositories or on their own website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as to a subpoena more Early and more of published work (See The Effect of Open Access) (in English).
This journal provides immediate open access to its content (BOAI, http://legacy.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/boaifaq.htm#openaccess) on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge. The authors may download the papers from the journal website, or will be provided with the PDF version of the article via e-mail.
