Diferencias de movimiento cinemático entre la técnica de puntería y tiro de petanca en niños (Kinematic Movement Differences Between Petanque Pointing and Shooting Technique in Children)

Autores/as

  • Nurhasan NURHASAN Universitas Negeri Surabaya
  • Muchamad Arif Al Ardha Universitas Negeri Surabaya https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9192-2072
  • Kolektus Oky RISTANTO Universitas Negeri Surabaya
  • Chung Bing YANG National Dong Hwa University
  • Adi WIJAYANTO Universitas Negeri Surabaya
  • Syahrudin Warta Kusuma Cucu PRADANA Universitas Islam Negeri Sayyid Ali Rahmatullah
  • Nur Salsabila Rhesa Pandhadha PUTRA Universitas Negeri Surabaya
  • Awang FIRMANSYAH Universitas Negeri Surabaya
  • Sauqi Sawa BIKALAWAN Universitas Negeri Surabaya
  • Ainun Zulfikar RIZKI Universitas Negeri Surabaya
  • Rizki Satrio UTOMO Universitas Negeri Surabaya

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v52.97143

Palabras clave:

Petanca, Técnica De Tiro Y Puntería, Biomecánica, Análisis De La Marcha, Análisis Cinemático

Resumen

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar el movimiento cinemático de los niños en las técnicas de puntería y tiro de petanca. Fueron 16 atletas principiantes de petanca (edad 11,37 ± 1,36 años, peso 42,37 ± 4,36 Kg y altura 151,37 ± 7,36 cm) que fueron seleccionados mediante el método de muestreo intencional. El lanzamiento exitoso se observó en el plano sagital y se midió mediante análisis cinemático en el software Kinovea 0.9.4. Había datos cinemáticos de apuntar y disparar, clasificados en cuatro fases, es decir, swing hacia atrás, posición cero, liberación y posición de seguimiento de lanzamiento. Como resultado, hubo diferencias significativas en varias variables de cada fase entre las técnicas de apuntar y disparar. Hubo una diferencia significativa en la fase de balanceo hacia atrás en la extensión del hombro y la altura de la bola (α < .05). La técnica de tiro mostró mayor velocidad (10,94 ± 13,34 m/s) que la de apuntar (5,290 ± 0,44 m/s). En la fase de liberación, cada variable fue significativamente diferente (α < .05). La altura del bola en puntería fue mayor (92,53 ± 9,69 m) que en tiro (80,19 ± 10,74 m). La velocidad de la bola al apuntar fue más lenta (6,46 ± 0,43 m/s) que al disparar (16,09 ± 5,18 m/s). El ángulo de elevación de lanzamiento al apuntar fue más amplio (42,38 ± 5,85 o) que al disparar (35,31 ± 7,26 o). Hubo diferencias significativas en la flexión del tronco, la flexión de la rodilla, la altura máxima del bola y la velocidad del bola en la fase de seguimiento del lanzamiento (α < 0,05). La velocidad de la bola al señalar fue más lenta (4,90 ± 2,35 m/s) que al disparar (13,01 ± 5,36 m/s). En conclusión, la técnica específica en tiro y puntería podría adaptarse en el método de entrenamiento para niños para avanzar en el resultado y posibilidad de éxito. Se podrían realizar más estudios en diferentes grupos de edad y sexo para obtener más información sobre la técnica de lanzamiento de petanca.

Palabras Clave: Biomecánica, Análisis de la Marcha, Habilidad Manipulativa, Evaluación del Entrenamiento

Abstract. This study aimed to evaluate children's kinematic movement in petanque pointing and shooting techniques. There were 16 male beginner petanque athletes (aged 11.37 ± 1.36 years old, weight 42.37 ± 4.36 Kg, and height 151.37 ± 7.36 cm) who were selected using the purposive sampling method. The successful throwing was observed in the sagittal plane and measured by kinematic analysis in Kinovea 0.9.4 Software. There were pointing and shooting kinematic data, categorized into four phases, i.e., back swing, zero position, release, and follow throw position. As a result, there were significantly different in several variables of each phase between pointing and shooting techniques. There was a significant difference in the back swing phase at shoulder extension and ball height (α < .05). The shooting technique showed greater velocity (10.94 ± 13.34 m/s) than pointing (5.290 ± 0.44 m/s). In the release phase, every variable was significantly different (α < .05). The ball height in pointing was higher (92.53 ± 9.69 m) than in shooting (80.19 ± 10.74 m). Ball velocity at pointing was slower (6.46 ± 0.43 m/s) than shooting (16.09 ± 5.18 m/s). The release elevation angle at pointing was wider (42.38 ± 5.85 o) than shooting (35.31 ± 7.26 o). There were significant differences in trunk flexion, knee flexion, maximum ball height, and ball velocity at the follow-throw phase (α < .05). Ball velocity at pointing was slower (4.90 ± 2.35 m/s) than shooting (13.01 ± 5.36 m/s). In conclusion, the specific technique in shooting and pointing could be adapted in the training method for children to advance the result and successful possibility. Further study could be conducted in different age groups and gender to gain more information about the petanque throwing technique.

Key Words: biomechanics, gait analysis, manipulative skill, training evaluation

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2024-03-01

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NURHASAN, N., AL ARDHA, M. A., RISTANTO, K. O. ., YANG, C. B., WIJAYANTO, A., PRADANA, S. W. K. C., PUTRA, N. S. R. P. ., FIRMANSYAH, A. ., BIKALAWAN, S. S. ., RIZKI, A. Z., & UTOMO, R. S. . (2024). Diferencias de movimiento cinemático entre la técnica de puntería y tiro de petanca en niños (Kinematic Movement Differences Between Petanque Pointing and Shooting Technique in Children). Retos, 52, 52–61. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v52.97143

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