Efecto del foco atencional en la sentadilla sobre la producción de lactato y la percepción del esfuerzo percibido en hombres (Effect of attentional focus on squats on lactate production and rating of perceived exertion in trained men)

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v47.94631

Palabras clave:

Keywords: Mind-muscle, muscle hypertrophy, internal focus, mind-muscle connection, resistance training

Resumen

El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar el efecto del foco interno (FI) y del foco externo (FE) sobre la producción de lactato y la percepción del esfuerzo percibido en la sentadilla en hombres entrenados en fuerza. Métodos: Trece hombres con experiencia en el entrenamiento de fuerza (edad =22,61 ± 1,19 años; altura = 180 ± 6,55 cm; masa corporal = 79,38 ± 5,57 kg; IMC = 24,56 ± 2,11 kg-m-2; sentadilla = 129 ± 20 kg) realizaron dos sesiones, separadas por una semana, que comprendían 3 series de 10 repeticiones de la sentadilla con un minuto de descanso entre series. Durante el protocolo de FI, los participantes fueron instruidos para concentrarse en tensar los cuádriceps durante todas las repeticiones, mientras que los participantes en el EF fueron instruidos para concentrarse en levantar la barra. Se tomaron muestras de lactato en sangre antes e inmediatamente después de cada una de las 3 series, así como 15 minutos después de la última serie. Además, se evaluó la calificación del esfuerzo percibido (RPE) utilizando la escala OMNI-RES inmediatamente después de la finalización de cada sesión. Resultados: Se encontraron aumentos significativos en el protocolo IF al final de cada una de las 3 series, con tamaños de efecto significativos (1ª serie, P= .000, d= 2,66; 2ª serie, P= .000; d= 3,14; 3ª serie, P= .000, d= 3,50), al igual que en el protocolo FE (1ª serie, P= .001, d= 2,24; 2ª serie, P= .000, d= 3,35; 3ª serie, P= .000; d= 3,67). Sin embargo, no hubo diferencias intergrupales significativas entre el pre y cualquier set (1ª set, P=0,951, d=0,03; 2ª set, P=0,239, d=0,47; 3ª set, P=0,435, d=0,31, respectivamente). Además, las percepciones en la escala RPE fueron mayores en la IF (P= 0,032; d = 0,47). Conclusiones: Los hallazgos sugieren que la aplicación de la IF puede contribuir indirectamente a la hipertrofia muscular en ejercicios multiarticulares de miembros inferiores, debido al aumento de los valores de RPE y a la correlación existente con la producción de lactato.
Palabras clave: Mente-músculo, hipertrofia muscular, foco interno, conexión mente-músculo, entrenamiento de resistencia

Abstract.  The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of internal focus (IF) and external focus (EF) on lactate production and the perception of perceived exertion in the squat in strength trained-men. Methods: Thirteen men with experience in strength training (age =22.61 ± 1.19 years; height = 180 ± 6.55 cm; body mass = 79.38 ± 5.57 kg; BMI = 24.56 ± 2.11 kg·m-2; Squat = 129 ± 20 kg) performed two sessions, separated by one week, comprising 3 sets of 10 repetitions of the back squat with one minute of rest between sets. During the IF protocol participants were instructed to focus on tightening the quads during all repetitions, while participants in the EF were instructed to focus on lifting the barbell. Blood lactate samples were collected before and at immediately after each of the 3 sets, as well as 15 minutes after the last set. Additionally, the rating of perceived exertion (RPE) was evaluated using the OMNI-RES scale immediately after the completion of each session. Results: Significant increases were found in the IF protocol at the end of each of the 3 sets, with significant effect sizes (1ª set, P= .000, d= 2.66; 2ª set, P= .000; d= 3.14; 3ª set, P= .000, d= 3.50), as in the EF protocol (1ª set, P= .001, d= 2.24; 2ª set, P= .000, d= 3.35; 3ª set, P= .000; d= 3.67). However, there were no significant inter-group differences between pre and any set (1ª set, P=0.951, d=0.03; 2ª set, P=0.239, d=0.47; 3ª set, P=0.435, d=0.31, respectively). Additionally, the perceptions on the RPE scale were higher in the FI (P= 0.032; d = 0.47). Conclusions: Findings suggest that the application of IF may indirectly contribute to muscle hypertrophy in multi-joint lower limb exercises, due to the increase in RPE values and the existing correlation with lactate production.

Keywords: Mind-muscle, muscle hypertrophy, internal focus, mind-muscle connection, resistance training

Citas

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2023-01-02

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Vargas-Molina, S., García Sillero, M., Salgado, U., Carbone, L., & Martín-Rivera, F. (2023). Efecto del foco atencional en la sentadilla sobre la producción de lactato y la percepción del esfuerzo percibido en hombres (Effect of attentional focus on squats on lactate production and rating of perceived exertion in trained men). Retos, 47, 452–457. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v47.94631

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Artículos de carácter científico: trabajos de investigaciones básicas y/o aplicadas