Calidad de Vida: Actividad y Condición Física en mujeres adultas. Un estudio descriptivo (Quality of Life: Physical Activity and Fitness in adult women. A descriptive study)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v47.94600Palabras clave:
Palabras clave. Actividad física, condición física, calidad de vida, mujeres, adultez madura., Key words. Physical activity, physical fitness, quality of life, women, mature adulthood.Resumen
Hay gran interés por los beneficios psicológicos que las personas obtienen al realizar actividad física (AF). Practicar AF de forma regular ayuda a mantener una adecuada condición física (CF) y calidad de vida (CV), sin embargo, existe poca literatura científica centrada en la adultez madura. El objetivo de esta investigación ha sido analizar si existen relaciones transversales entre la AF y la CF con los niveles de CV en un grupo de mujeres de mediana edad adscritas a programas de ejercicio físico, de un grupo de 88 mujeres de la provincia de Córdoba con una edad media de 53.85 años. La CF se registró midiendo la altura y el peso y se utilizó la batería de pruebas Senior Fitness Test (SFT); para medir el nivel de AF se utilizó el Cuestionario Internacional de Actividad Física (IPAQ), y para determinar el nivel de CV se usó el Cuestionario de Salud SF-36. Los resultados mostraron que la edad, el IMC, la CF, AF y el comportamiento de AF fueron predictores del componente físico SF-36 explicando el 39% y del componente mental explicando el 46% de su variabilidad. Estos resultados se discuten con relación a las investigaciones previas sobre CV y AF y CF sosteniendo que unos buenos niveles de CF son necesarios para mantener la salud y la CV también en los años del ciclo vital que denominamos madurez de la vida adulta.
Palabras clave. Actividad física, condición física, calidad de vida, mujeres, adultez madura.
Abstract. There is great interest in the psychological benefits that people derive from physical activity (PA). Regular PA helps to maintain adequate physical fitness (PF) and quality of life (QOL), however, there is little scientific literature focused on mature adulthood. The aim of this research was to analyse whether there are cross-sectional relationships between PA and PF with QOL levels in a group of middle-aged women enrolled in physical exercise programmes, from a group of 88 women in the province of Cordoba with a mean age of 53.85 years. PF was recorded by measuring height and weight and the Senior Fitness Test battery (SFT) was used; the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used to measure the level of PA, and the SF-36 Health Questionnaire was used to determine the level of QoL. The results showed that age, BMI, PF, PA and PA behaviour were predictors of the SF-36 physical component explaining 39% and of the mental component explaining 46% of its variability. These results are discussed in relation to previous research on QoL and PA and PF arguing that good levels of QF are necessary to maintain health and QoL also in the years of the life cycle that we call mature adulthood.
Key words. Physical activity, physical fitness, quality of life, women, mature adulthood.
Citas
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