Efecto de la modificación del rango de movimiento del tobillo sobre el índice de valgo dinámico durante una sentadilla monopodal, en jugadoras de fútbol (Effect of ankle range of motion modification on dynamic valgus index during a monopodal squat in fema
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v44i0.91454Palabras clave:
Valgo dinámico de rodilla, dorsiflexión de tobillo, plantiflexión de tobillo, cuña plantar, cinemática bidimensional, (Dynamic knee valgus, ankle dorsiflexion, ankle plantiflexion, wedge, two-dimensional kinematics)Resumen
El propósito de este estudio fue determinar el efecto de la modificación simulada del rango de movimiento del tobillo sobre el índice de valgo dinámico (IVD) de jugadoras de fútbol, durante una sentadilla monopodal. Un segundo objetivo comparó los ángulos de proyección en el plano frontal (APPF) de cadera y rodilla para identificar el mayor aporte al IVD. Se evaluó en 16 mujeres futbolistas, durante una sentadilla monopodal, la pierna dominante (PD) y no dominante (PND), en las condiciones Basal: “sin cuña” (SC); Restrictiva: “con cuña dorsiflexora” (CD) y Facilitadora: “con cuña plantiflexora” (CP) de tobillo. Con el software Kinovea se identificó el IVD sumando los APPF de cadera y rodilla. Se compararon las tres condiciones en la pierna dominante y no dominante, los APPF en cada condición y se determinaron los tamaños de efecto. Ninguna condición presentó diferencias en IVD en PD vs PND. En PD, el IVD aumentó con gran efecto en CD y disminuyo con gran efecto en CP comparado con SC y CD. En PND, el IVD aumentó con gran efecto en CD comparado con SC y CP. En ambas piernas, el APPF de cadera fue mayor que el de rodilla en todas las condiciones. Se concluye que la restricción simulada de la dorsiflexión de tobillo es efectiva para un aumento del IVD, mientras que la facilitadora permite su disminución con mayor efecto en PND. La cadera es la articulación con mayor aporte al IVD, independiente de la condición.
Abstract. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of simulated ankle range of motion modification on the dynamic valgus index (DVI) of female soccer players during a monopodal squat. A second objective compared the frontal plane projection angles (FPPA) of hip and knee to identify the greatest contribution to the DVI. The dominant leg (DL) and non-dominant leg (NDL) were evaluated in 16 female soccer players during a monopodal squat, under Basal conditions: “without wedge” (WW); Restrictive: “with dorsiflexor wedge” (DW) and Facilitator: “with plantiflexor wedge” (PW) of ankle. With the Kinovea software, the DVI was identified by adding the hip and knee FPPA. The three conditions in the dominant leg and non-dominant leg, the FPPA in each condition were compared and effect sizes were determined. No condition showed differences in DVI in DL vs. NDL. In DL, DVI increased with large effect in DW and decreased with large effect in PW compared to WW and DW. In NDL, DVI increased with large effect in DW compared to WW and PW. In both legs, hip FPPA was higher than knee FPPA in all conditions. It is concluded that the simulated restriction of ankle dorsiflexion is effective for an increase in DVI, while the facilitator allows its decrease with greater effect on NDL. The hip is the joint with the greatest contribution to the DVI, independent of condition.
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