Efecto de la combinación del ejercicio de conos (zigzag) con la estabilidad del núcleo, la combinación del ejercicio de escalera (salto de serpiente) con la estabilidad del núcleo y la velocidad en la agilidad de los jugadores de fútbol sala: Un diseño experimental factorial (The Effect of Combination of Cone Drill (Zigzag) with Core Stability, Combination of Ladder Drill (Snake Jump) with Core Stability, and Speed on Agility of Futsal Players: A Factorial Experimental Design)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v58.105462Palabras clave:
Cone Drill, Ladder Drill, Core Stabillity, Speed, AgilityResumen
El juego de futsal, conocido por su alta intensidad y naturaleza dinámica que requiere habilidad y una sólida condición física, particularmente en agilidad, presenta un desafío significativo. La incorporación de variaciones de ejercicios de conos y escalera en el entrenamiento de agilidad, con un enfoque en mejorar el equilibrio a través del entrenamiento de estabilidad central junto con la modulación de la velocidad como un factor clave, se cree que impacta en la agilidad de los jugadores. A pesar de reconocer la importancia individual de estas modalidades de entrenamiento en el aumento del rendimiento en agilidad, queda una laguna en la comprensión completa de sus efectos combinados durante las actividades de futsal. Esta investigación busca examinar las diferencias grupales en el entrenamiento de agilidad, considerando las variaciones de velocidad en relación con los niveles de agilidad de los jugadores de futsal. El estudio definió los grupos de entrenamiento de agilidad como un grupo de combinación de conos con estabilidad central y un grupo de combinación de ejercicios de escalera junto con estabilidad central, mientras que la velocidad se clasificó como alta o baja. Mediante una metodología experimental con un diseño factorial de 2 x 2, el estudio reclutó a 20 jugadores de entre 17.1 ± 0.76 años mediante selección al azar. El entrenamiento de agilidad, llevado a cabo tres veces por semana durante un período de seis semanas, enfatizó movimientos rápidos y dinámicos junto con el mantenimiento del equilibrio. Las métricas de velocidad y agilidad se evaluaron mediante la prueba de aceleración de 30m y la prueba de agilidad de Illinois, luego se sometieron a un análisis estadístico a través de un ANOVA de dos vías con un nivel de significancia de 0.05. Los resultados mostraron que ambas metodologías de entrenamiento beneficiaron a los participantes con velocidad elevada (P<0,05). Especialmente, se observaron resultados superiores en el entrenamiento de agilidad que incorporaba ejercicios de escalera y entrenamiento de estabilidad central para los deportistas con velocidad alta (P<0,05). Por otro lado, los individuos con niveles de velocidad más bajos pudieron beneficiarse más de una combinación de ejercicios de escalera y estabilidad central, arrojando conclusiones clave para los entrenadores de futsal interesados en desarrollar programas de entrenamiento personalizados para mejorar efectivamente el rendimiento en agilidad.
Palabras clave: Ejercicio de Conos, Ejercicio de Escalera, Estabilidad del Núcleo, Velocidad, Agilidad, Futsal
Abstract. The game of futsal, known for its high intensity and dynamic nature demanding skill and robust physical fitness, particularly in agility, presents a significant challenge. Incorporating variations of cone and ladder drills in agility training, with a focus on enhancing balance through core stability training in conjunction with speed modulation as a key factor, is believed to impact players' agility players. Despite recognizing the individual significance of these training modalities in boosting agility performance, there remains a gap in fully comprehending their combined effects during futsal engagements. This research seeks to scrutinize the group differentials in agility training, factoring in speed variations in relation to futsal players' agility levels. The study defined agility training cohorts as a combo group of cone drill with core stability and a combination group of ladder drill alongside core stability, while speed was categorized as high or low. Employing an experimental methodology with a 2 x 2 factorial design, the study enlisted 20 players aged 17.1 ± 0.76 years through random selection. Agility training, conducted thrice weekly over a six-week period, emphasized swift and dynamic movements alongside maintaining balance. Speed and agility metrics were assessed using the 30m acceleration test and Illinois agility test, then subjected to statistical scrutiny via a two-way ANOVA at a significance level of 0.05. Results revealed that both training methodologies benefited participants with elevated speed (P<0.05). Notably, agility training incorporating ladder drill exercises and core stability training exhibited superior outcomes for high-speed performers (P<0.05). Conversely, individuals with lower speed levels potentially benefitted more from a combination of ladder drill and core stability (P<0.05). These findings furnish crucial insights for futsal coaches and trainers looking to craft tailored training regimens aimed at enhancing agility performance effectively.
Keywords: Cone Drill, Ladder Drill, Core Stability, Speed, Agility, Futsal
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