Estrés percibido en deportistas mexicanos durante la pandemia por COVID-19: diferencias por sexo y nivel de rendimiento (Perceived stress in Mexican athletes during the COVID-19 pandemic: differences by gender and performance level)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v46.87539Palabras clave:
COVID-19, Estrés percibido, Confinamiento, Nivel de rendimiento, Factores sociodemográficosResumen
Una de las principales consecuencias negativas de la actual pandemia por COVID-19, es el impacto sobre la ansiedad y el estrés. Entre los factores que se deben tomar en cuenta para evaluar la respuesta psicosocial de los deportistas ante el COVID-19, están los factores sociodemográficos, por lo que el objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar si la percepción de estrés depende del sexo y el nivel de rendimiento en deportistas mexicanos durante la pandemia por COVID-19. La muestra de este estudio estuvo conformada por 596 deportistas mexicanos, de ambos sexos (mujeres = 40.4%) y con edades comprendidas entre los 13 y 40 años (M = 22.3, DE = 6.87). Los deportistas contestaron la Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) y un cuestionario para indagar sobre aspectos sociodemográficos. Los resultados obtenidos a través de la comparación de grupos, indicaron que las mujeres presentaron niveles superiores de estrés percibido que los hombres. Por otro lado, los deportistas de nivel amateur reportaron niveles más altos que los deportistas profesionales. Los resultados del análisis de diferencia muestran que la percepción de estrés depende del sexo y nivel de rendimiento. Estos resultados podrían utilizarse para incrementar la eficacia de los protocolos aplicados para controlar el estrés durante la pandemia por COVID-19 en deportistas.
Abstract. One of the main consequences of the current COVID-19 pandemic is the impact on anxiety and stress levels. Among the factors that must be taken into account to evaluate the psychosocial impact of COVID-19 on athletes are sociodemographic factors, so the objective of this study was to analyze if the perception of stress depends on gender and performance level in Mexican athletes during the COVID-19 pandemic. The sample of this study was made up of 596 Mexican athletes, of both sexes (women = 40.4%) and aged between 13 and 40 years (M = 22.3, SD = 6.87). The athletes answered the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) and a questionnaire covering socio-demographic data. The results obtained through the comparison of groups, indicated that women presented higher levels of perceived stress than men. On the other hand, amateur athletes reported higher levels of perceived stress than professional athletes. The results of the difference analysis shows that the perception of stress depends on sex and performance level were predictors of perceived stress.
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