Adaptación práctica del enfoque Teaching Games for Understanding para la enseñanza de la vela en iniciación (A practical proposal of Teaching Games for Understanding in sailing initiation)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v37i37.72788Keywords:
TGfU, proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, modelos pedagógicos, iniciación deportiva, formación de profesorado, modelo(TGfU, teaching and learning process, pedagogical models, youth sport, PETE, comprehensive model, sport pedagogy, teaching-learning context)Abstract
A pesar de las diversas publicaciones que explican teóricamente el enfoque Teaching Games for Understanding (TGfU), el docente carece de información sobre cómo implementarlo en la realidad del aula. Además, esta aplicación es mucho más compleja en actividades deportivas no tradicionales, como la vela, que también es susceptible de ser enseñada bajo el enfoque TGfU debido a la relevancia del componente táctico. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue presentar una propuesta práctica sobre la implementación del enfoque TGfU en vela. Para el diseño de las sesiones se tendrá en cuenta la alineación entre a) características del contexto de aplicación; b) contextualización de la enseñanza de cada contenido en un principio táctico; c) contenidos a enseñar diferenciando entre los tácticos y técnicos; d) número de participantes; e) espacio para la realización de cada tarea; y f) modificaciones introducidas para alcanzar el objetivo de cada sesión. Además, cada una de las sesiones se dividirá en cinco fases: “forma de regata”, “enseñanza para la comprensión”, “habilidades para el desarrollo técnico”, “vuelta a la forma de regata” y “reflexión y conclusión”. La última fase antes de la aplicación de las sesiones será el entrenamiento práctico del profesor. Con la aplicación del enfoque, se espera que los discentes obtengan mejoras a nivel cognitivo, sean más autónomos y estén más motivados por la práctica de la vela.
Abstract: Despite several publications that theoretically explain Teaching Games for Understanding (TGfU), teachers do not have information about how to implement it in the class. Furthermore, its application is much more complex in non-traditional sports-games, as sailing, which could potentially be taught through TGfU due to the importance of the tactic component. The aim of the present work was to present a practical proposal upon the implementation of TGfU in sailing. In order to design the lessons, teachers should take into consideration the alignment of: a) context characteristics; b) teaching contextualization of each content under tactical principles; c) technical and tactical contents; d) number of sailors; e) practice area for each task; and f) modifications made to achieve the goal of each lesson. Beyond that, each lesson should be divided in five stages: “race form”, “teaching for understanding”, “drills for skill development”, “return to race form”, and “review and closure”. The last phase prior to the carrying out of the lessons should focus on teachers’ practical training in sailing. With the application of this approach, we hope that learners will improve at a cognitive level, in terms of autonomy and motivation.
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