Relación entre indicadores de carga interna en un juego reducido 3x3 en jóvenes futbolistas (Relationship between internal load indicators in a 3-a-side small-sided game in young soccer players)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v37i37.71130Keywords:
Juegos reducidos, Esfuerzo Percibido, FC de reserva, Jóvenes Futbolistas, Fútbol (Small-sided games, RPE, Reserve heart rate, Young soccer players, Soccer)Abstract
El objetivo de esta investigación fue comprobar si existía relación entre el esfuerzo percibido por los jugadores (RPE Borg-10) y el porcentaje de frecuencia cardiaca de reserva (%FCres), como métodos para monitorizar la carga interna durante juegos en espacios reducidos (SSG) en futbolistas de categoría alevín, infantil y cadete. 36 jóvenes futbolistas del mismo club, pertenecientes a tres categorías diferentes, participaron en este estudio: alevín (media ± dt): (11,76 ± 0,31 años), infantil (12,78 ± 0,37) y cadete (15,25 ± 0,53). Todos realizaron dos SSG 3x3 con una duración de 4 series de 4 minutos, con descansos de 3 minutos entre estas. La frecuencia cardiaca (FC) estuvo constantemente registrada y el esfuerzo percibido de cada participante (RPE Borg-10) fue anotado después de cada una de las series de ambos SSG. Se realizó un ANOVA de medidas repetidas para comparar los valores medios inter-serie de las diferentes variables y un ANOVA de un factor para comparar los valores medios de cada variable durante el SSG completo entre las diferentes categorías. También se utilizó el análisis de correlación de Pearson para comprobar la relación entre el %FCres y la RPE en diferentes momentos y en función de las categorías. De estos análisis se deriva una relación moderada y estadísticamente significativa (r= .41; p<0.05) entre la RPE de los futbolistas y su % FCres durante los SSG. Estos resultados confirman que la RPE es una herramienta práctica a la hora de evaluar la carga interna durante SSG en las primeras etapas formativas en futbol.
Abstract. The main purpose of this work was to verify if there was a relation between players’ perceived effort (RPE Borg-10) and the percentage of reserve heart rate (%HRres) as methods to monitor the internal load during small sided games (SSG) in U-16, U-14 and U-12 soccer players. A group of 36 young soccer players from the same club, divided into three categories: U-12 (mean ± ds: 11.76 ± 0.31 years), U-14 (12.78 ± 0.37) and U-16 (15.25 ± 0.53), participated in this study. All of them performed two SSG with a duration of 4 sets of 4 minutes, with a 3-minute rest period between them. Heart rate (HR) was constantly recorded and each participant’s perceived effort (RPE Borg-10) was recorded after each of the series of both SSG. Repeated-measure ANOVA was performed to compare mean inter-series values of the different variables, whereas one-way ANOVA was run to compare mean values of each variable during the complete SSG between the different categories. Pearson correlation analysis was also used to verify the relationship between %HRres and RPE at different times and according to the categories. From these analyses, a moderate and statistically significant relationship (r= .41; p<0.05) was derived between soccer players’ RPE and %HRres during SSG. These results confirm that RPE is a practical tool when evaluating SSG internal load in the first formative stages in soccer.
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