Influencia de las aletas sobre el tiempo de ejecución en los rescates de víctimas con parada cardiorespiratoria (Influence of fins on the lifeguard answer’s time to rescue victims with a cardiorespiratory arrest)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i31.53363Keywords:
Salvamento, aletas, ahogamientos, socorrista, reanimación cardiopulmonar (rescue, fins, lifeguard, drowning, cardiopulmonary resuscitation)Abstract
El objetivo de este estudio es conocer la influencia del empleo de las aletas, sobre el tiempo que los socorristas tardan en rescatar a una víctima con parada cardiorespiratoira del agua. Reducir el tiempo de este eslabón de la cadena de supervivencia, es fundamental para que se puedan iniciar lo antes posible las maniobras de Reanimación Cardiopulmonar (RCP). 45 aspirantes a socorrista de ambos sexos han realizado dos test de 50 metros de rescate a una víctima inconsciente (25 metros de nado de aproximación y 25 metros de arrastre de la víctima). El test 1 se hace sin aletas y el test 2 se hace con aletas. En el test 2, los socorristas inician la prueba sin tener las aletas colocadas. Los resultados de este estudio demuestran que en general, las aletas son adecuadas para todos los socorristas estudiados, pero son especialmente recomendables para aquellos socorristas, cuyo nivel de destreza en el agua es más bajo. Así, los sujetos que obtuvieron peores marcas en el test 1 (sin aletas), consiguen mejorar los resultados en el test 2 (con aletas) (p≤0,001). En cambio, los participantes que obtuvieron mejores marcas en el test 1 (sin aletas), no mejoraron significativamente el tiempo en el test 2 (con aletas) (p=0,896). En definitiva, se puede afirmar que las aletas mejoran las condiciones en las que el socorrista inicia las maniobras de RCP, ayudan a incrementar las probabilidades de supervivencia de las víctimas con parada cardiorespiratoria y mejoran la seguridad de los socorristas durante el rescate.
Abstract. The aim of this study is to know how the use of fins influence on the lifeguard answer’s time to rescue victims with a cardiorespiratory arrest. It´s essential to star as soon as possible the Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) procedure to reduce that answer’s time. 45 candidates to lifeguard, of both sexs, have carried out 2 different rescue tests of unconscious victim to a distance of 50 meters (25 swimming approach meters and 25 meters carrying the victim). Test number 1 has been done without fins and test number 2 with fins. On test number 2, lifeguards started without their fins.The results of this study prove that as a rule the use of fins are suitable for all the lifeguards studied, but mainly for those lifeguards whose level is lower. So, those who obtain worse scores on test number 1 ( no fins ) achieve better scores on test number 2 ( fins ) ( p≤0,001 ) and those who obtain better scores on test number 1 don´t improve considerably their times on test number 2 (p=0,896). To sum up, we can say that the use of fins will improve the conditions in which the CPR procedure will be started by the lifeguard, helping to increase the survival options of the victims with a cardiorespiratory arrest and improving lifeguards security during the rescue.
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