Índice de asimetría bilateral similar de las manifestaciones de la fuerza muscular de extremidades inferiores en jóvenes universitarios (Similar bilateral asymmetry index of the expressions of muscle strength in lower limbs in university students)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i33.52934Keywords:
Asimetría, fuerza máxima, fuerza isométrica, potencia muscular, extremidades inferiores (Asymmetry, maximal strength, isometric strength, muscular power, lower limbs)Abstract
El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar la asimetría bilateral y comparar el índice de asimetría (IA) de las manifestaciones de la fuerza muscular de las extremidades inferiores. Participaron 16 hombres y 14 mujeres con una edad de 22.5 ± 2 años, todos ellos estudiantes universitarios, se les midió la fuerza muscular máxima dinámica, la fuerza máxima isométrica y la potencia muscular de cada extremidad inferior con la sentadilla unilateral. El IA presentado por los sujetos fue entre 2.8 ± 3.0 y 4.0 ± 4.3 % en las diferentes manifestaciones de la fuerza muscular, cuando se compararon dichas manifestaciones no hubo diferencia entre ellas. Por último las mujeres presentaron entre un 2.5 ± 2.7 y un 4.0 ± 4.1 % de IA de las manifestaciones de la fuerza mientras que para los hombres fue entre un 3.0 ± 3.4 y 5.0 ± 4.6 %, sin diferencia cuando se comparó por género. Por lo que se concluye que la asimetría bilateral de las manifestaciones de la fuerza está presente en los sujetos evaluados, siendo similar el IA de las manifestaciones evaluadas así como entre hombres y mujeres.
Abstract. The aim of this study was to determine the bilateral asymmetry, and to compare the asymmetry index (AI) of muscle strength expressions in the lower limbs. A total 30 university students (16 men and 14 women) with a mean age of 22.5 ± 2 years participated in the study. Maximum dynamic muscle strength, maximum isometric strength, and muscle power in unilateral lower limb squat were assessed. The IA presented by the subjects ranged from 2.8 ± 3.0 and 4.0 ± 4.3 % in the different manifestations of muscle strength. The comparison of these manifestations revealed no differences. In addition, women scored between 2.5 ± 2.7 and 4.0 ± 4.1 % AI of expression of strength, whereas in men this value ranged between 3.0 ± 3.4 and 5.0 ± 4.6 %. No statistical difference was found comparing by gender. Therefore, we can conclude that there exists a bilateral asymmetry in the manifestations of strength in our sample, at the same time their IA is similar both considering the overall sample and assessing it by gender.
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