Estilos de afrontamiento en entrenadores: un análisis entre mujeres y hombres yucatecos (Coping styles in coaches: a study on men and women from Yucatan)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i30.50246Keywords:
Conducta de afrontamiento, Relación de hombres y mujeres, Educación y Entrenamiento, Físico, Adaptación Psicológica, Deportes (Coping behavior, Psychological adaCoping behavior, Psychological adaptation, Physical Education and Training, Sex Ratio, Sports)Abstract
Un afrontamiento inadecuado puede producir serias repercusiones negativas tanto sobre aspectos emocionales como en la capacidad para ejecutar cualquier tipo de tarea, es por ello que el objetivo de este trabajo fue identificar los estilos de afrontamiento de los entrenadores deportivos del estado de Yucatán, México; así como determinar las diferencias en el estilo de afrontamiento según el sexo y la relación entre las subescalas, sexo y tipo de deporte. Participaron 81 entrenadores de los cuales el 67.9% (55) son hombres y el 32.1% (26) mujeres, con una edad promedio de 35.42 años de edad y 11.32 años ejerciendo como entrenadores. A todos los participantes se les administró el Inventario COPE (Escala Multidimensional de Evaluación de los Estilos de Afrontamiento) que evalúa 15 dimensiones de afrontamiento al estrés que siguiendo el modelo de teórico de Folkman y Lazarus y el modelo de Anshell, se agruparon en una combinación factorial de segundo orden en: afrontamiento centrado en el problema, de evitación y afrontamiento centrado en la emoción. Respecto al estilo de afrontamiento mayormente utilizado es el centrado en el problema (M=3.01; DT=.37), no encontrando diferencias significativas respecto al sexo. Sin embargo, se encontraron correlaciones significativas entre las subescalas de afrontamiento y el tipo de deporte mayores a .05. Se puede observar que los análisis más detallados muestran algunas relaciones entre subescalas dependiendo del sexo y tipo de deporte.
Abstract. Inadequate coping can lead to serious negative repercussions on both emotional aspects and the ability to perform any task. Thus, the aim of this study was to identify coping styles of sports coaches from the state of Yucatan, Mexico; in addition, to determine differences in coping style by gender, and to assess the relationship between subscales, gender, and type of sport. 81 professionals (67.9% [n = 55] men; and 32.1% [n = 26] women) with an average age of 35.42 years old and 11.32 average years working as coaches were selected. All participants were given the Multidimensional Scale in Coping Style (COPE) Inventory, which assesses 15 dimensions of coping with stress. Based on the theoretical models proposed by Folkman and Lazarus, and Anshell, these dimensions can be grouped in a second order factorial combination as follows: coping focused on the problem, avoidance, and coping centered on emotion. Regarding the coping style used, it is mostly centered on the problem (M = 3.01, SD = .37). Likewise, significant correlations between the subscales of coping and the type of sport (p < .05) were found. More detailed analyses show relationships between subscales depending on gender and type of sport.
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