Recomendaciones de actividad física y su relación con el rendimiento académico en adolescentes de la Región de Murcia (Physical activity recommendations and its their relation with academic performance in adolescents from the Region of Murcia)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i29.39936Keywords:
rendimiento académico, actividad física, salud, recomendaciones, adolescencia (academic performance, physical activity, health, recommendations, adolescence)Abstract
Resumen. Existe un gran interés por los beneficios psicológicos que reporta en las personas el realizar actividad física. Dicha actividad promueve mejoras en ciertos procesos cognitivos durante la adolescencia, sin embargo esta relación positiva no puede ser trasladada con la misma certeza a la relación entre el rendimiento académico y la actividad física. Identificar y acotar la existencia de relaciones entre el cumplimiento de las recomendaciones de práctica de actividad física y el rendimiento académico es el objetivo principal del presente estudio. Una muestra de 680 sujetos de la Región de Murcia con una edad media 14.55 años, cumplimentaron los ítems centrados en la actividad física del estudio internacional Health Behaviour in School-aged Children para abordar las variables objeto de estudio. Igualmente se registraron las calificaciones escolares de 4 trimestres consecutivos mediante un cuestionario de creación propia. Se encuentran resultados que acotan la existencia de relaciones entre la práctica de actividad física y el rendimiento académico. Realizar un mínimo de 30 minutos de actividad física diaria se relaciona directamente con mejores calificaciones escolares, en contraposición de la no práctica. Sin embargo, realizar un mínimo de 60 minutos diarios no señala la misma tendencia. El cumplimiento de las recomendaciones de práctica de actividad física y la duración de éstas se contemplar como un factor relacionado con el rendimiento académico de los adolescentes, siendo de este modo un aspecto importante a considerar en programas dirigidos a la intervención en el ámbito de la psicología y la salud.
Abstract. There is a great interest in the psychological benefit generated by participation in physical activity. This activity fosters the improvement of some cognitive processes during adolescence, nevertheless there is not the same degree of certainty regarding the relation between physical activity and academic performance. The current study attempts to identify and delimit the association between compliance with physical activity recommendations and academic performance. A sample of 680 individuals from the region of Murcia, with an average age of 14.55 years , completed the items related to physical activity in the international study Health Behaviour in School-aged Children, in order to address the variables of interest. We recorded also student grades during four consecutive semesters using a questionnaire that we created for this purpose. We found an association between physical activity and academic performance. Engaging in 30 minutes of physical activity daily is closely related to better school grades, contrary to non-practice. However, the same tendency is not observed for 60 minutes of physical activity daily . Complying with physical activity recommendations, and to what extent, is considered a factor related to the teenagers’ academic performance. As a result, it is an important aspect that we should consider for inclusion in health and psychology intervention programs.
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