Diferencias cinemáticas del golpeo de fútbol entre futbolistas expertos y sujetos inexpertos (Soccer kick kinematic differences between experienced and non-experienced soccer players)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i21.34607Keywords:
golpeo, fútbol, biomecánica, empeine.Abstract
Objetivo: Examinar las diferencias cinemáticas del golpeo con empeine entre futbolistas expertos y sujetos inexpertos. Sujetos: Se analizaron 17 hombres de 17 a 21 años. Metodología: Se utilizó un sistema de fotogrametría 3D con cuatro cámaras. Los sujetos ejecutaron golpeos con el empeine a máxima potencia. Se analizó la Velocidad del Pie en el Impacto, la Máxima Extensión de Cadera, la Máxima Flexión de Rodilla y la Duración de las Fases del gesto. Resultados: Se hallaron diferencias significativas en la Velocidad del Pie de la pierna no hábil en el momento del impacto (m/s) (Expertos: 14,5±.52, Inexpertos: 12.5±.5; p<.001) y Máxima Extensión de Cadera (grados) (Expertos: 39.2±1.3, Inexpertos: 34.28±3.2; p<.001). También hubo diferencias significativas en la Duración de la Fase 2 en ambas piernas (p<.05). Conclusiones: El golpeo con el empeine total en fútbol presenta diferencias significativas entre grupos de diferente nivel tan solo en la pierna no dominante.
Palabra clave: golpeo, fútbol, biomecánica, empeine.
Abstract: T; Purpose: to examine kinematic differences of instep soccer kick between experienced and non-experienced soccer players. Subjects: 17 men between 17 and 21 years old. Methodology: a 3D film system with 4 cameras was used. Maximum power instep kicks were executed. It was analyzed feet velocity in the impact, maximum hip extension, maximum knee flexion and kick phases duration. Results: were found significant differences in feet velocity with non-dominant leg in the impact moment (m/s) (Experienced: 14.5±.52, Non-experienced: 12.5±.5; p<.001) and maximum hip extension (degrees) (Experienced: 39.2 ± 1.3, Non-experienced: 34.28±3.2; p<.001). Also were significant differences in the second phase duration in both legs (p<.05). Conclusions: Maximum instep soccer kick show significant differences between groups of different level only in non-dominant leg.
Key words: kick, soccer, biomechanics, instep.
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