Propuesta de un programa de intervención educativa para facilitar la inclusión de alumnos con discapacidad en educación física (Propose of an educative intervention program for inclusion of children with disability in general physical education)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i27.34366Keywords:
actitud, inclusión, discapacidad, Educación Física, programa intervención, deporte inclusivoAbstract
En este trabajo se presenta el diseño y estructura de un programa de intervención educativa en Educación Física: «Deporte Inclusivo en la Escuela». La propuesta, destinada a profesores y alumnos de Secundaria y Bachillerato, persigue promover la práctica deportiva inclusiva en los centros educativos, dando a conocer los diferentes deportes paralímpicos, para concienciar sobre la situación de las personas con discapacidad en la práctica deportiva. El diseño está basado en las teorías del Contacto y del Comportamiento Planificado, ambas evidenciadas como eficaces para la formación de actitudes. La estructura que conforma el programa está compuesta por una serie de actividades y recursos didácticos como una charla de un deportista paralímpico, tres unidades didácticas (una por ciclo), material audiovisual de apoyo y un encuentro deportivo inclusivo con todos los centros participantes en el programa. Una de las características más relevantes de la propuesta es el uso de una metodología de carácter inclusivo, ya sea incluyendo a los alumnos con discapacidad presentes en los centros, o simulando la situación de discapacidad los alumnos que no la poseen. La exposición teórica se apoya en datos de la implementación llevada a cabo hasta el momento en 38 centros educativos de Madrid y Barcelona.
Palabras clave. actitud, inclusión, discapacidad, Educación Física, programa intervención, deporte inclusivo.
Abstract. In this paper, it´s presented the design and structure of an educational intervention program in Physical Education: «Inclusive School Sports (ISS)». It´s propose for teachers and middle and high school students, aims promote inclusive sports in schools and different Paralympics sports through an inclusive methodology and raising awareness about the situation of people with disability in sport practice. The design is based on the contact and of planned behavior theories, both are evidenced as effective in attitudes training. The structure program is composed of a series of activities and educational resources such as a talk by a Paralympics sportiest, three teaching units (one per cycle) and inclusive sporting event with all participants in the program centers. The newest program is the methodology propose by inclusive perspective, so including students with disabilities present in the centers, or simulating the situation of disabilities students. The program has been implemented in 38 educative centre of Madrid and Barcelona. It´s present a approach to the evaluation and advances in the results.
Keywords: attitude, inclusion, disability, Physical Education, intervention program, inclusive sport.
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