Effects of an exercise programme on the autonomy, independence and physical fitness of individuals with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities – A Pilot Study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v53.102003Keywords:
intellectual disability; activities of daily living; functionality; physical capacities; physical exerciseAbstract
The literature clearly highlights the relationship between the levels of autonomy and independence of people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) and their levels of physical fitness. Thus, the aim of this study was to analyze the effects of a physical exercise program on the levels of autonomy, functionality in activities of daily living (ADL), and physical fitness of people with IDD. 17 participants completed the 9-week intervention, where parameters such as anthropometric data (height, weight, body mass index (BMI) and muscular mass (MM)), functionality in ADL (WHODAS 2.0) and data regarding physical fitness (handgrip test, Sit and Stand and timed up and go) before and after the intervention were evaluated. Significant improvements were found after the physical exercise intervention program in the functionality (self-reports: t=-2.19; p=0.03; η2=0,282 and proxy reports: t=-2.64; p=0.01; η2=0,410) and body composition variables (BMI: t=-2.08; p=0.05; η2=0,254 and muscle mass; t=-1.94; p=0.05; η2=0,221), but not in the physical fitness variables. The intervention program seems to have contributed positively to improving the perception of autonomy in ADLs and body composition.
Keywords: intellectual disability; activities of daily living; functionality; physical capacities; physical exercise.
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