Comportamientos de maltrato en la relación Deportista-entrenador (Mistreatment behaviours in the Athlete-coach relationship)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v50.98143Palabras clave:
Maltrato emocional, abuso sexual, maltrato físico, abandono, deportes federadosResumen
Este estudio cualitativo tuvo como objetivo describir la naturaleza de las conductas de maltrato en la relación deportista-entrenador, en la región de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Portugal. Para nuestro estudio, entrevistamos a 12 deportistas de deportes federados. Nos enfocamos en deportistas jóvenes, de 13 a 18 años, que practicaban un deporte colectivo, de combate o individual. Los datos fueron estudiados a través del análisis del contenido. En el caso de los deportistas como víctimas, no hubo conductas de maltrato en la relación Deportista-entrenador. Sin embargo, como observadores, los deportistas informaron formas de abuso en la relación deportista-entrenador, como abuso emocional verbal y negación de atención y apoyo. Como medidas preventivas de las conductas de maltrato, los deportistas mencionaron la supervisión e incluso el despido del entrenador. Los encuestados destacan la necesidad de profundizar el tema para que las estrategias sean efectivas. Destacan la necesidad de sensibilizar a los clubes para la protección de los deportistas, mediante investigaciones en el área del estudio, para combatir y prevenir conductas de maltrato en la práctica deportiva.
Palabras clave: Maltrato emocional, abuso sexual, maltrato físico, abandono, deportes federados.
Abstract. This qualitative study aimed to describe the nature of mistreatment behaviours in the Athlete-coach relationship, in the region of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Portugal. For our study, we interviewed 12 athletes of federated sports. We focused on young athletes, aged 13-18 years old, who practiced a collective, combat, or individual sports discipline. The data was then studied through content analysis. In the case of athletes as victims, there were no mistreatment behaviours in the Athlete-coach relationship. However, as observers, the athletes have reported forms of abuse in the Athlete-coach relationship, such as verbal emotional abuse and denial of attention and support. As preventative measures for mistreatment behaviours, the athletes mentioned supervision and even the dismissal of the coach. Respondents stress the need to deepen the topic for the strategies to be effective. They emphasize the need to sensitize clubs for the protection of athletes, through investigations in the area under study, for fighting and preventing mistreatment behaviour in sports practice.
Keywords: Emotional abuse, sexual abuse, physical abuse, neglecting, federated sports.
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